Varaha Purana 39.50: Adhyaya 39, Shloka 50

Discrimination of the Three Bodies and the Dharaṇī Vow: A Manual for Dvādaśī Observance

Devanagari script

यथाविभवसारेण प्रभाते विमले तथा । चतुर्णां ब्राह्मणानां च चतुरो दापयेद् घटान् ॥ ३९.५० ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 39.50

Transliteration

yathāvibhavasāreṇa prabhāte vimale tathā | caturṇāṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ ca caturo dāpayet ghaṭān || 39.50 ||

Translation

Pada pagi yang suci, sesuai kadar kemampuan, hendaknya diberikan empat kendi air kepada empat brāhmaṇa.

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Word by Word

• यथा-विभव-सारेण: according to one’s capacity
• यथा-विभव-सारेण: प्रकार (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + विभव (प्रातिपदिक) + सार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; तृतीया-अर्थे क्रियाविशेषण: ‘according to one’s means/wealth-capacity’

• प्रभाते: in the morning
• प्रभाते: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘at dawn/in the morning’

• विमले: pure/clear
• विमले: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; विशेषण (pure/clear) qualifying प्रभाते

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: सम्बन्ध (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/प्रकारार्थक (‘also/likewise’)

• चतुर्णाम्: of four
• चतुर्णाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक-विशेषण

• ब्राह्मणानाम्: of Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• चतुरः: four
• चतुरः: विशेषण (Qualifier of घटान्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक-विशेषण (agreeing with घटान्)

• दापयेत्: should have (them) given
• दापयेत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोजक (causative): ‘should cause to be given’

• घटान्: pots/jars
• घटान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

Speaker

Varāha (default speaker within the Varāha–Pṛthivī dialogue frame)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Dharma
• Vaishnavism
• Sanskrit Studies

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a common Purāṇic and Dharmaśāstra-era ethic of regulated gift-giving (dāna), emphasizing proportionality to one’s resources (yathā-vibhava) and the social role of brāhmaṇas in ritual economies.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic location is named in this verse; the setting is temporal and ritual (“in the pure morning”), not topographical.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

To give in a manner proportionate to one’s capacity, expressed through a concrete act of charity: arranging the donation of four water-pots to four brāhmaṇas.