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Kena Upanishad: Verse 2.3

यस्यामतं तस्य मतं मतं यस्य न वेद सः । अविज्ञातं विजानतां विज्ञातमविजानताम् ॥३॥

यस्य । अमतम् । तस्य । मतम् । मतम् । यस्य । न । वेद । सः । अविज्ञातम् । विजानताम् । विज्ञातम् । अविजानताम् ॥

Recitation with translationKena Upanishad 2.3

yasyāmataṃ tasya mataṃ mataṃ yasya na veda saḥ | avijñātaṃ vijānatāṃ vijñātam avijānatām ||3||

Bagi siapa Ia tidak terpikir sebagai suatu objek, baginya Ia sungguh dipahami; tetapi siapa yang mengira “aku mengenal-Nya”, sesungguhnya ia tidak mengenal. Ia tidak dikenal oleh mereka yang mengetahui-Nya sebagai objek, dan dikenal oleh mereka yang tidak menjadikan-Nya objek pengetahuan.

For whom it is not thought (as an object), for him it is thought (truly); he who thinks he knows it not. It is unknown to those who know (it as an object), and known to those who do not know (it as an object).

yasyaof whom/for whom
yasya:
TypeNoun
Rootyad (relative pronoun stem)
Formmasculine/neuter genitive singular
amatamnot thought/unknown
amatam:
TypeAdjective
Roota-mata (PPP from √man ‘to think/know’)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
tasyaof him/of that one
tasya:
TypeNoun
Roottad (pronoun stem)
Formgenitive singular
matamknown/thought
matam:
TypeAdjective
Rootmata (PPP from √man)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
matamknown/thought
matam:
TypeAdjective
Rootmata (PPP from √man)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
yasyaof whom/for whom
yasya:
TypeNoun
Rootyad (relative pronoun stem)
Formmasculine/neuter genitive singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (avyaya)
Formnegation particle
vedaknows
veda:
TypeVerb
Root√vid (veda)
Formperfect, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
saḥhe
saḥ:
TypeNoun
Roottad (pronoun stem)
Formmasculine nominative singular
avijñātamunknown
avijñātam:
TypeAdjective
Roota-vijñāta (PPP from vi-√jñā)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
vijānatāmof the knowers
vijānatām:
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√jñā (śatṛ/śānac; here gen. pl. of present participle)
Formgenitive plural, present participle (parasmaipada): ‘of those who know’
vijñātamknown
vijñātam:
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-jñāta (PPP from vi-√jñā)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
avijānatāmof the non-knowers
avijānatām:
TypeAdjective
Roota-vijānat (negated present participle from vi-√jñā)
Formgenitive plural, present participle (parasmaipada) with privative a-: ‘of those who do not know’
  • yasyāmataṃ → yasya amatam
  • vijñātamavijānatām → vijñātam avijānatām (m + a → ma)
  • other words largely unsandhied in citation
Aparokṣa realization vs. parokṣa/conceptual knowledge; inobjectifiability of BrahmanMahavakya: Clarifies the intent behind ‘तत् त्वम् असि’ and ‘अहं ब्रह्मास्मि’: Brahman is realized as one’s own Self, not as an external object of thought; also resonates with ‘प्रज्ञानं ब्रह्म’ as consciousness itself, not a knowable thing.SamaJaiminīya (Talavakāra) ShakhaChandas: Prose (Upaniṣadic gadya with rhythmic cadence)

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