Rig Veda 9.63.5: Mandala 9, Sukta 63, Mantra 5
Sukta 9.63
Rishi: Pavamāna Soma hymns (traditional attribution varies)
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (working in alliance with Indra)
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्रं वर्धन्तो अप्तुरः कृण्वन्तो विश्वमार्यम् । अपघ्नन्तो अराव्णः ॥
Transliteration
índraṃ várdhanto aptúraḥ kṛṇvánto víśvam ā́ryam | apághnanto arā́vṇaḥ ||
Translation
Meninggikan Indra, para pelaku karya (apturaḥ) menjadikan seluruh yang ada di dalam diri kami ārya—mulia dan bercahaya; mereka menyingkirkan kemiskinan, daya-daya yang merampas kepenuhan.
Word by Word
इन्द्रम्Indra (as the object: ‘Indra’)
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म (वर्धन्तः/कृण्वन्तः/अपघ्नन्तः—क्रियाणां कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्धन्तःincreasing, making grow
वर्धन्तः:
कर्तृ (यजमानाः/स्तोतारः—‘they, increasing’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√वृध् (वर्धते/वर्धयति) धातु
अप्तुरःactive/efficient (doers), capable
अप्तुरः:
कर्तृ (वर्धन्तः इत्यस्य विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअप्तुर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘कार्य-साधक/कर्मकुशल’—Vedic epithet)
कृण्वन्तःmaking, producing, accomplishing
कृण्वन्तः:
कर्तृ (ते एव—‘they, making’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√कृ (करोति) धातु
विश्वम्all, entire
विश्वम्:
कर्म (कृण्वन्तः—‘making …’)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
आर्यम्the Arya/noble (one); the noble people
आर्यम्:
कर्म (कृण्वन्तः—‘making (someone/people) Arya/noble’)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootआर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अपघ्नन्तःstriking down, driving away, destroying
अपघ्नन्तः:
कर्तृ (ते एव—‘they, striking down’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootअप + √हन् (हन्ति) धातु
अराव्णःthe hostile/ungenerous ones; enemies
अराव्णः:
कर्म (अपघ्नन्तः—‘striking down …’)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअराव्ण (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic: ‘अरि/शत्रु’ अथवा ‘अ-राव्ण’—अधन/असमृद्ध; here as hostile/ungenerous)
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