Rig Veda 7.57.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 57, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.57

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for much of Maṇḍala 7; specific hymn-level r̥ṣi not supplied in input)

Devata: Marutāḥ (the Maruts)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 7.57; verse appears in 4 pādas of ~11 syllables)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मध्वो वो नाम मारुतं यजत्राः प्र यज्ञेषु शवसा मदन्ति । ये रेजयन्ति रोदसी चिदुर्वी पिन्वन्त्युत्सं यदयासुरुग्राः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.57.1

Transliteration

mádhvo vo nā́ma mā́rutam yajatrā́ḥ prá yajñéṣu śávasā madanti | yé rejáyanti ródasī cid urvī́ pinvánty útsaṃ yád ayā́sur ugrā́ḥ ||

Translation

Wahai Marut yang patut dipuja, bahkan namamu adalah manisnya madu; dalam yajña engkau melaju ke depan, mabuk oleh daya-sadar (śavas). Engkau yang mengguncang bahkan dua dunia yang luas, engkau membuat mata air tersembunyi meluap ketika, sebagai yang perkasa, engkau menggerakkan tenaga-tenagamu.

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Word by Word

• मध्वः: of sweetness / of honey
• मध्वः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु

• वः: of you (your)
• वः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• नाम: name
• नाम: विशेष्य/सम्बन्ध (appositional ‘as/namely’ name)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन्

• मारुतम्: Marut-like / belonging to the Maruts
• मारुतम्: विशेषण (to नाम)
• Type: Adjective (tribal/collective epithet)
• Root: मारुत

• यजत्राः: worthy of worship
• यजत्राः: कर्तृ (subject of मदन्ति)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यजत्र

• प्र: forth; strongly
• प्र: क्रियाविशेषण (intensifier/directional)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/particle)
• Root: प्र

• यज्ञेषु: in the sacrifices
• यज्ञेषु: अधिकरण (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ

• शवसा: by (their) might
• शवसा: करण (means/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस्

• मदन्ति: they rejoice / exult
• मदन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद्

• ये: who
• ये: कर्तृ (subject of रेजयन्ति, पिन्वन्ति)
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद्

• रेजयन्ति: they make (it) tremble
• रेजयन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिज्/रेज् (Vedic: ‘to shake, make tremble’)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• रोदसी: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun (dual)
• Root: रोदसी (dual stem) < रोदस्

• चित्: even
• चित्: निपात (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable (particle)
• Root: चित्

• उर्वी: broad, wide
• उर्वी: विशेषण (to रोदसी in sense) / कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: उर्वी

• पिन्वन्ति: they cause to swell / they set flowing
• पिन्वन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: पिव्/पिन्व् (Vedic: ‘to swell, set in motion, make flow’)

• उत्सम्: spring; fountain
• उत्सम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्स

• यत्: when / that
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (correlative ‘when/that’)
• Type: Indeclinable/relative particle
• Root: यद्

• अयासुः: they drove/pressed on; they rushed
• अयासुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (इ) ‘to go’ + अ (augment) (Vedic aorist) / alternatively √यास् in Vedic sense ‘to rush’

• उग्राः: fierce, mighty
• उग्राः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (to ये = Maruts)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र