Rig Veda 4.55.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 55, Mantra 5

Sukta 4.55

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional ascription for Mandala 4)

Devata: Bhaga / Mitra and allied Ādityas; also invoked: Maruts, Parvata (supporting power)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 4.55; verify against pada-count in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ पर्वतस्य मरुतामवांसि देवस्य त्रातुरव्रि भगस्य । पात्पतिर्जन्यादंहसो नो मित्रो मित्रियादुत न उरुष्येत् ॥

Transliteration

ā párvatasya marútām avā́ṃsi devásya trātúr avri bhágasya | pā́t patír janyā́d áṃhaso no mitró mitriyā́d utá na uruṣyet ||

Translation

Semoga penopang-penopang kuat Parvata—landasan yang menekan ke atas—dan daya-daya penolong para Marut datang kepada kami; semoga Bhaga, sang pembagi ilahi, membukakan kelimpahan yang terjaga bagi penyelamatan kami. Semoga Sang Penguasa melindungi; semoga ia melahirkan kami keluar dari kesesakan. Semoga Mitra menumbuhkan kami dalam keselarasan persahabatan; dan semoga ia pun meluaskan perlindungan bagi kami.

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Word by Word

• आ: towards; hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga)

• पर्वतस्य: of Parvata (the deity Parvata / ‘Mountain’)
• पर्वतस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (prātipadika)

• मरुताम्: of the Maruts
• मरुताम्: सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (prātipadika)

• अवांसि: helps; aids; protections
• अवांसि: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (prātipadika)

• देवस्य: of the god
• देवस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• त्रातुः: of the protector
• त्रातुः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रातृ (prātipadika; agent noun from √त्रा)

• अव्रि: has chosen / has granted (aid)
• अव्रि: क्रिया (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (वृणोति) with privative/negative nuance in context; Vedic injunctive/aorist form

• भगस्य: of Bhaga (the god of fortune/share)
• भगस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: भग (prātipadika)

• पात्पतिः: the protecting lord
• पात्पतिः: कर्तृ (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पात्पति (prātipadika; Vedic epithet, lit. ‘lord of protection/guarding’)

• जन्यात्: may beget/produce; may generate
• जन्यात्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जनयति/जायते)

• अंहसः: from distress; from sin/anguish
• अंहसः: अपादान (source/away-from)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंहस् (prātipadika)

• नः: for us; to us
• नः: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (for us / of us)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• मित्रः: Mitra
• मित्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (prātipadika)

• मित्रियात्: (may he) act as a friend / be friendly
• मित्रियात्: विशेषण/भाव (predicative qualifier)
• Type: Verb (elliptic: optative of √अस् implied) / Adjectival predication
• Root: मित्रिय (adjectival prātipadika ‘friendly, Mitra-like’)

• उत: and; also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (particle)

• नः: for us; to us
• नः: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• उरुष्येत्: may he protect; may he keep us safe
• उरुष्येत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √उरुष्/उरुṣ्य (denominative/causative-like Vedic verb ‘to protect, to make wide/safe’)