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Rig Veda 4.13.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 13, Mantra 2

Sukta 4.13

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Savitṛ; with Varuṇa-Mitra as upholders of vrata
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऊर्ध्वं भानुं सविता देवो अश्रेद्द्रप्सं दविध्वद्गविषो न सत्वा । अनु व्रतं वरुणो यन्ति मित्रो यत्सूर्यं दिव्यारोहयन्ति ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.13.2
Transliteration

ūrdhvám bhānúṃ savitā́ devó aśret drapsáṃ davídhvad gaviṣó ná satvā́ | ánu vratáṃ váruṇo yanti mítró yát sū́ryaṃ divy ā́rohayanti ||

Translation

Savitṛ mengangkat sinar yang menjulang ke atas—sang dewa—menggerakkan tetes yang berkilau, laksana pencari Cahaya yang gagah. Varuṇa dan Mitra berjalan menurut ṛta (Hukum kosmis), ketika mereka membuat Surya naik meniti langit.

Word by Word
ऊर्ध्वम्upwards, aloft
ऊर्ध्वम्:
Adhikaraṇa (दिशा/गतिविशेषः)
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक)
भानुम्beam, radiance
भानुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभानु (प्रातिपदिक)
सविताSavitṛ (the impeller, Sun-god)
सविता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā (सविता-देवः समनाधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अश्रेत्set/placed, propped, established
अश्रेत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootश्रि (धातु) / श्रय् (वेद.)
द्रप्सम्drop; shining drop (ray/bright speck)
द्रप्सम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रप्स (प्रातिपदिक)
दविध्वत्he drove/impelled; made to move swiftly
दविध्वत्:
Kriyā (अनुक्रिया/सहक्रिया)
TypeVerb (participle-like finite form in Vedic usage)
Rootदविध्व (धातु-भावः; वेद. तीव्र-गमन/कम्पनार्थक)
गविषःthe seeker of cows (cattle-winner)
गविषः:
Kartā (उपमानपद-सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootगविष् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
सत्वाa strong one, vigorous being
सत्वा:
Kartā (उपमेयः/उपमानस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्वन्/सत्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अनुafter, along, in accordance with
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
व्रतम्ordinance, fixed law
व्रतम्:
Karma (अनु + यन्ति इत्यत्र)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणःVaruṇa
वरुणः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
यन्तिthey go, they proceed
यन्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
मित्रःMitra
मित्रः:
Kartā (वरुणः ... मित्रः—समुच्चितकर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्which, that (which)
यत्:
Karma (आरोहयन्ति इत्यत्र)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सूर्यम्the Sun
सूर्यम्:
Karma (आरोहयन्ति इत्यत्र)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
दिव्याwith divine (power/means)
दिव्या:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
आरोहयन्तिthey cause to mount/ascend; they raise
आरोहयन्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootरुह् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग) + णिच्
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