Valmiki Ramayana 2.52.16: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 16

गङ्गातरणम्, सुमन्त्र-प्रतिनिवर्तनम्, जटाधारणम्

Crossing the Gaṅgā; Sumantra’s Return; Adoption of Ascetic Signs

Devanagari script

नातिक्रान्तमिदं लोके पुरुषेणेह केनचित्।तव सभ्रातृभार्यस्य वासः प्राकृतवद्वने।।2.52.16।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.52.16

Transliteration

nātikrāntam idaṃ loke puruṣeṇeha kenacit |

tava sabhrātṛbhāryasya vāsaḥ prākṛtavad vane ||

Translation

Tiada seorang pun di dunia ini yang dapat melampaui apa yang engkau lakukan: tinggal di rimba seperti manusia biasa, bersama saudaramu dan istrimu.

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Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)

• अतिक्रान्तम्: surpassed
• अतिक्रान्तम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ati-√kram (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘surpassed/overstepped’ (predicate with idam)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पुरुषेण: by a man
• पुरुषेण: Kartr-karana (कर्ता/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb)

• केनचित्: by anyone
• केनचित्: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + cit (अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; अनिश्चितवाचक (indefinite: by anyone)

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सभ्रातृभार्यस्य: of you with brother and wife
• सभ्रातृभार्यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa-bhrātṛ-bhārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (सह भ्रात्रा च भार्यया च), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘of you who have brother and wife’

• वासः: dwelling
• वासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्राकृतवत्: like a common man
• प्राकृतवत्: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prākṛta-vat (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययवत्)
• Form: वत्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (adverbial), manner

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

None else in this world would be able to live in the forest as you have resolved to, like a common man, along with your brother and spouse.

Characters & Entities

• Sumantra
• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Sita

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the willing acceptance of hardship for truth and duty—Rama embraces exile without privilege, living ‘like a common man’ while keeping familial responsibility intact.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra praises Rama’s resolve as Rama departs for forest life accompanied by Sita and Lakshmana.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s humility and steadfastness (dhairya, vinaya): he does not cling to royal comfort even in adversity.