Rig Veda 8.2.12: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 12
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Medhyātithi Kāṇva (traditional for RV 8.2)
Devata: Indra/Soma (warning about mismanaged intoxication; implicitly calling for Indra’s right governance of Soma-force)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 8.2 opening; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
हृत्सु पीतासो युध्यन्ते दुर्मदासो न सुरायाम् । ऊधर्न नग्ना जरन्ते ॥
Transliteration
hṛtsú pītā́so yudhyante durmádāso ná surā́yām | ū́dhar ná nagnā́ jarante ||
Translation
Logon ke dil mein jo shakti aati hai, woh aise ladti hai jaise nashemein log ladte hain. Jaise koi sharab pee ke galat kaam kare. Yeh shakti saaf ho ke nikal jati hai, jaise kisi gaaye ka khali tha. Isliye Indra ki shakti hi sahi hai, jo sahi raaste pe le chalti hai.
Word by Word
हृत्सुin (their) hearts
हृत्सु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootहृद् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘हृदय’
पीतासःhaving drunk, drunk (ones)
पीतासः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootपीत (कृदन्त; √पा ‘पिबति’)
युध्यन्तेthey fight
युध्यन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√युध् (युध्यते)
दुर्मदासःof evil intoxication, wildly intoxicated
दुर्मदासः:
कर्तृ (पीतासः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मद (प्रातिपदिक; दुर्- + मद ‘मद/उन्माद’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
सुरायाम्in/with surā (liquor)
सुरायाम्:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसुरा (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊधःudder
ऊधः:
कर्तृ (जरन्ते इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootऊधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
नग्नाःnaked (ones)
नग्नाः:
कर्तृ (जरन्ते इत्यस्य; उपमान-कर्तृ)
TypeAdjective
Rootनग्न (प्रातिपदिक)
जरन्तेthey grow old / wither
जरन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जॄ/जर् (जरते)
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