Rig Veda 4.2.17: Mandala 4, Sukta 2, Mantra 17

Sukta 4.2

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni (with Indra as co-invoked power)

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सुकर्माणः सुरुचो देवयन्तोऽयो न देवा जनिमा धमन्तः । शुचन्तो अग्निं ववृधन्त इन्द्रमूर्वं गव्यं परिषदन्तो अग्मन् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.2.17

Transliteration

su-kármāṇaḥ su-rúco deva-yánto’ yó ná devā́ jánimā dhámantaḥ | śucánto agníṃ vavṛdhánta índram ū́rvaṃ gavyáṃ pari-sádanto agman ||

Translation

Yeh log accha kaam karte hain aur chamakte hain. Bhagwan ki taraf jaate hain. Apni janam ko bhagwan jaisa banaya unhone apni shakti se. Khud ko saaf karke Agni ko bada kiya aur Indra ko mazboot kiya. Phir woh gaye aur chamakte hue gyaan ki kirnon ke paas baithe.

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Word by Word

• सु॒कर्मा॑णः: of good deeds / well-working
• सु॒कर्मा॑णः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) < कर्मन् (√कृ ‘to do’)

• सु॒रुचः॑: bright, splendid
• सु॒रुचः॑: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-रुच् (प्रातिपदिक) < रुच् (√रुच् ‘to shine, be bright’)

• देव॒यन्तः॑: seeking/worshipping the gods
• देव॒यन्तः॑: Kartā
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: देवय् (denom. √देव ‘to seek/worship the gods’) → देवयन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अयः: iron
• अयः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• दे॒वाः: the gods
• दे॒वाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• जनिमा॑: birth, origin, generation
• जनिमा॑: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनिमन्/जनिमा (प्रातिपदिक) < √जन् ‘to be born, produce’

• धम॑न्तः: blowing, kindling (by blowing)
• धम॑न्तः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √धम् ‘to blow, kindle (by blowing)’ → धमन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• शु॒चन्तः॑: shining, blazing; being pure
• शु॒चन्तः॑: Kartā
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √शुच् ‘to shine; be pure; burn’ → शुचन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अ॒ग्निम्: Agni (fire)
• अ॒ग्निम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• ववृ॒धन्त॑: they increased, made grow
• ववृ॒धन्त॑: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् ‘to grow, increase’ (reduplicated perfect/pluperfect stem ववृध्)

• इन्द्र॑म्: Indra
• इन्द्र॑म्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऊ॒र्वम्: broad, wide, ample
• ऊ॒र्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऊर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• गव्य॑म्: bovine wealth; pertaining to cows
• गव्य॑म्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: गव्य (प्रातिपदिक) < गो ‘cow’

• परि॒षद॑न्तः: sitting around, surrounding
• परि॒षद॑न्तः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: परि-√सद् ‘to sit around; to surround, beset’ → परिषदन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अग्मन्: they went, they came
• अग्मन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् ‘to go’