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Sukta 4.13
Vāmadeva Gautama
Agni with Dawn/Sun and invocation to the Aśvins
Triṣṭubh (probable)
Is mantra mein subah Agni ko jalate hain aur roshni ka aana batate hain. Ushas raasta kholti hai, Surya upar aata hai. Ashvin duo ko ghar ki puja mein bulaya jata hai. Sab kuch taiyar hota hai morning offering ke liye. Phir socha jata hai ki aasman kaise niche nahi girta. Ek chupa hua niyam hai jo duniya ko sambhalta hai. Isse hum samajhte hain ki cosmos mein ek order hai.
Mantra 1
प्रत्यग्निरुषसामग्रमख्यद्विभातीनां सुमना रत्नधेयम् । यातमश्विना सुकृतो दुरोणमुत्सूर्यो ज्योतिषा देव एति ॥
Agni subah ke pehle roshni ki taraf dekh raha hai. Woh khush mann se khazana le kar aaya hai. Ashwin bhai, acche ghar par aao. Suraj bhagwan apni roshni lekar upar aa raha hai.
Mantra 2
ऊर्ध्वं भानुं सविता देवो अश्रेद्द्रप्सं दविध्वद्गविषो न सत्वा । अनु व्रतं वरुणो यन्ति मित्रो यत्सूर्यं दिव्यारोहयन्ति ॥
Savita bhagwan roshni ki kiran upar utha rahe hain. Woh chamakte boond ko hilate hue dekh rahe hain. Jaise koi roshni dhundta hai. Varun aur Mitra niyam ke hisaab se chalte hain. Jab woh Suraj ko aasman mein charha dete hain.
Mantra 3
यं सीमकृण्वन्तमसे विपृचे ध्रुवक्षेमा अनवस्यन्तो अर्थम् । तं सूर्यं हरितः सप्त यह्वीः स्पशं विश्वस्य जगतो वहन्ति ॥
Suraj ko andhere se ladne ke liye banaya gaya hai. Woh apna target pakad ke chalta hai. Saat Harit us Suraj ko utha kar le jate hain. Woh poori duniya ka kaam dekhta hai.
Mantra 4
वहिष्ठेभिर्विहरन्यासि तन्तुमवव्ययन्नसितं देव वस्म । दविध्वतो रश्मयः सूर्यस्य चर्मेवावाधुस्तमो अप्स्वन्तः ॥
Tum taange dhakke maar ke aage badh rahe ho. Niche ki taraf dhaaga bunte ho. Chamakte shakti, tumne kala dhakkan utaar diya. Suraj ki kiranien maarti hain aur andhere ko paani mein dhakel deti hain. Jaise koi chamda utarta hai.
Mantra 5
अनायतो अनिबद्धः कथायं न्यङ्ङुत्तानोऽव पद्यते न । कया याति स्वधया को ददर्श दिवः स्कम्भः समृतः पाति नाकम् ॥
Koi isko lead nahi kar raha, koi baandh ke nahi rakha. Phir bhi yeh neeche kyun nahi girta, jabki sar ke bal khada hai? Apne aap kaise chalta hai, kisne dekha hai? Aasman ka yeh khamba, sach mein pakka hai, upar ki duniya ko sambhale huye.
It connects the morning kindling of Agni with the daily victory of light: dawn opens, the sun rises, and the rite invites divine help. It also reflects on the unseen order (ṛta) that holds the cosmos steady.
The Aśvins are swift helpers associated with dawn and safe arrival. Calling them to the “well-built home” fits the morning ritual context—seeking protection, health, and smooth beginnings as the day starts.
It is a poetic way of speaking about the supporting principle that keeps the sky and world from collapsing. The verse suggests this support is grounded in ṛta—truth and cosmic order—operating by its own law (svadhā).
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