
Sukta 10.149
Savitṛ
This brief hymn to Savitṛ (the divine Impeller) praises his cosmic “harnessing” power by which Earth and Heaven are fixed in their proper order and the midspace and ocean are bounded within unassailable law. It then alludes to Savitṛ’s bird-like emblem (Garutmān) moving according to dharma, and ends with the poet’s wakeful, devotional vigilance—awaiting Savitṛ’s activating impulse as one watches for Soma’s shining ray.
Mantra 1
सविता यन्त्रैः पृथिवीमरम्णादस्कम्भने सविता द्यामदृंहत् । अश्वमिवाधुक्षद्धुनिमन्तरिक्षमतूर्ते बद्धं सविता समुद्रम् ॥
Savitṛ by his harnessing powers set the Earth in its right course; in the support he made firm the Heaven. Like a horse he milked out the surging mid-world; Savitṛ bound the ocean in the unassailable—establishing the ordered rhythms of existence.
Mantra 2
यत्रा समुद्रः स्कभितो व्यौनदपां नपात्सविता तस्य वेद । अतो भूरत आ उत्थितं रजोऽतो द्यावापृथिवी अप्रथेताम् ॥
Where the ocean, propped, spread out—Savitṛ, child of the waters, knows that. From that arose the Earth; from that the expanse was lifted; from that Heaven-and-Earth were widened: thus the ordered worlds came to manifestation.
Mantra 3
पश्चेदमन्यदभवद्यजत्रममर्त्यस्य भुवनस्य भूना । सुपर्णो अङ्ग सवितुर्गरुत्मान्पूर्वो जातः स उ अस्यानु धर्म ॥
Afterwards this other (world-order) came to be, adorable, in the vastness of the immortal existence. The fair-winged Garutmān of Savitṛ was born first; he moves according to the law of that (eternal) order—bearing the impulse of truth in his flight.
Mantra 4
गाव इव ग्रामं यूयुधिरिवाश्वान्वाश्रेव वत्सं सुमना दुहाना । पतिरिव जायामभि नो न्येतु धर्ता दिवः सविता विश्ववारः ॥
As cows move toward their home, as eager steeds press on, as the lowing one lovingly yields milk to her calf—so may Savitṛ, the Upholder of the heaven, rich in all desirable boons, come down into us like a husband to his bride, to establish within us the right movement and fullness.
Mantra 5
हिरण्यस्तूपः सवितर्यथा त्वाङ्गिरसो जुह्वे वाजे अस्मिन् । एवा त्वार्चन्नवसे वन्दमानः सोमस्येवांशुं प्रति जागराहम् ॥
O Savitṛ of the golden summit, as the Aṅgirasas invoked you in this plenitude of force, so I too, singing to you for help and adoring, keep wakeful toward you—like one who watches for Soma’s shining ray—until your impulsion becomes active in us.
Savitṛ is the divine Impeller—identified with the sun’s awakening power—who sets beings in motion and keeps the worlds moving in right order.
It says Savitṛ ‘harnesses’ the cosmos: he makes Earth steady, Heaven firm, energizes the midspace, and bounds the ocean within an unbreakable law of order (ṛta/dharma).
Garutmān symbolizes swift movement that still follows dharma, while the Soma-ray simile expresses the worshipper’s alert, expectant devotion—waiting for Savitṛ’s activating impulse within.