
Sukta 10.139
Savitṛ (with Pūṣan as associated power)
This hymn links Savitṛ’s dawn-impulsion—his steady rising as light—with Pūṣan’s guiding, protective movement that “sees” and shepherds all worlds. It then widens into a mythic-ritual vision where Waters, Gandharva (Viśvāvasu), and Indra participate in revealing Ṛta: hidden bounds, luminous horizons, and the release of obstructed riches (amṛta/energies) from stone-like enclosures.
Mantra 1
सूर्यरश्मिर्हरिकेशः पुरस्तात्सविता ज्योतिरुदयाँ अजस्रम् । तस्य पूषा प्रसवे याति विद्वान्त्सम्पश्यन्विश्वा भुवनानि गोपाः ॥
Savitṛ, with sun-rays for his hair, rises in front as a ceaseless light. In his impulsion Pūṣan moves, the knower, beholding all worlds, the guardian who keeps the herds of energies safe.
Mantra 2
नृचक्षा एष दिवो मध्य आस्त आपप्रिवान्रोदसी अन्तरिक्षम् । स विश्वाचीरभि चष्टे घृताचीरन्तरा पूर्वमपरं च केतुम् ॥
This seer of men sits in the mid-heaven, filling the two worlds and the mid-region. He looks upon the all-moving, the ghee-bright currents, discerning between the former and the latter sign—between what was and what is to come.
Mantra 3
रायो बुध्नः संगमनो वसूनां विश्वा रूपाभि चष्टे शचीभिः । देव इव सविता सत्यधर्मेन्द्रो न तस्थौ समरे धनानाम् ॥
Root of plenitude, meeting-place of treasures, he beholds all forms by his effective powers. Like a god, Savitṛ stands in the true law; like Indra, he takes his stance in the battle for the riches of being.
Mantra 4
विश्वावसुं सोम गन्धर्वमापो ददृशुषीस्तदृतेना व्यायन् । तदन्ववैदिन्द्रो रारहाण आसां परि सूर्यस्य परिधीँरपश्यत् ॥
The Waters beheld Viśvāvasu, the Gandharva of Soma; by the law of Ṛta they moved and spread out their workings. After that Indra, exulting in their current, came to know it; and he saw the encircling bounds, the luminous horizons around the Sun.
Mantra 5
विश्वावसुरभि तन्नो गृणातु दिव्यो गन्धर्वो रजसो विमानः । यद्वा घा सत्यमुत यन्न विद्म धियो हिन्वानो धिय इन्नो अव्याः ॥
May Viśvāvasu, the heavenly Gandharva who measures out the mid-world, utter to us concerning That. Whether it be the Truth, or what we do not yet know—stirring our thoughts, may he protect our thoughts indeed.
Mantra 6
सस्निमविन्दच्चरणे नदीनामपावृणोद्दुरो अश्मव्रजानाम् । प्रासां गन्धर्वो अमृतानि वोचदिन्द्रो दक्षं परि जानादहीनाम् ॥
He found the ‘Sasni’ at the footing of the rivers; he opened the doors of the stone-enclosures. The Gandharva proclaimed forth the immortal things of those streams; and Indra came to know, all around, the skill and power of the Serpents.
Savitṛ is the main deity—the divine Impeller who raises the light and sets beings in motion. Pūṣan appears as an associated power who guides and protects within Savitṛ’s impulsion.
The hymn connects dawn-impulsion with Ṛta (cosmic order). The Waters and the Gandharva (Viśvāvasu) symbolize the lawful flow of revelation and the guarding/transmission of Soma-like inspiration.
It is a prayer for clear beginnings at dawn: right impulse (prasava), safe guidance on life’s paths, protection of one’s vital ‘herds’ (strength/prosperity), and the opening of what feels blocked or enclosed.