Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 45, Shloka 50

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

एकादशं मनस्तत्र देवा वैकारिका: स्मृता: ।

श्रोत्रं त्वक्चक्षुषी जिह्वा नासिका चैव पञ्चमी ॥

Transliteration

ekādaśaṃ manastatra devā vaikārikāḥ smṛtāḥ / śrotaṃ tvakcakṣuṣī jihvā nāsikā caiva pañcamī

Translation

وہاں من کو گیارہواں کہا گیا ہے؛ اس کے ادھِشٹھاتا دیوتا ‘وَیکارِک’ کے نام سے یاد کیے جاتے ہیں۔ گیان اِندریاں—کان، جلد، دونوں آنکھیں، زبان اور پانچویں ناک۔

Word by Word

• ekādaśam: the eleventh
• ekādaśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekādaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); numeral adjective qualifying 'manas'

• manaḥ: mind
• manaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tatra: there/in that context
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) of place

• devāḥ: the deities (senses)
• devāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vaikārikāḥ: modificatory/derived (from vikāra)
• vaikārikāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vaikārika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying 'devāḥ'

• smṛtāḥ: are remembered/are said
• smṛtāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); used predicatively ‘are said/considered’

• śrotram: ear (hearing)
• śrotram: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrotra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tvak: skin (touch)
• tvak: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvac (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• cakṣuṣī: two eyes (sight)
• cakṣuṣī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cakṣus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)

• jihvā: tongue (taste)
• jihvā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jihvā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• nāsikā: nose (smell)
• nāsikā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāsikā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis

• pañcamī: the fifth
• pañcamī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañcamī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ordinal adjective qualifying 'nāsikā' (as the fifth)

Speakers

• Not explicitly indicated in the provided excerpt (cosmology narration within the Purāṇic discourse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Presiding deities of mind and senses (collective reference)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sāṅkhya
• Manas
• Jñānendriyas
• Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

By making mind the ‘eleventh’, the text highlights that sense-data alone does not yield experience; mind coordinates, selects, and synthesizes. Ethically, mastery of mind is implied as the key to mastery of senses.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: further enumeration of the evolved cognitive instruments.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘eleventh’ mind is the inner sense (antaḥkaraṇa) that binds the five sense streams into a single ‘I experience’ continuum—an esoteric bridge between multiplicity (five) and unity (one experiencer).