Shloka 25

Adhyaya 19 — Kartavirya Arjuna at Dattatreya’s Ashram: Boons, Sovereignty, and Vaishnava Praise

Sanskrit

तपस्विनां पालयिता सार्थपालस्तु सोऽभवत् ।

दस्यु-व्यालाग्नि-शस्त्रादि-भयेऽब्धौ निमज्जताम् ॥

Transliteration

tapasvināṃ pālayitā sārthapālastu so 'bhavat / dasyu-vyālāgri-śastrādi-bhayeṣvabdhau nimajjatām

Translation

وہ زاہدوں کا محافظ اور قافلوں کا نگہبان بھی بنا۔ جو خوف کے سمندر میں ڈوب رہے تھے—ڈاکوؤں، درندوں، آگ، ہتھیاروں وغیرہ سے—ان سب کے لیے وہی پناہ اور حفاظت تھا۔

Word by Word

• तपस्विनाम्: of ascetics
• तपस्विनाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

• पालयिता: protector
• पालयिता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पालयितृ (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-कर्तृवाचक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• सार्थपालः: caravan-guard
• सार्थपालः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सार्थ + पाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थ (contrast/emphasis)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• अभवत्: became/was
• अभवत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• दस्यु: bandit
• दस्यु: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• व्याल: wild beast/serpent
• व्याल: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• अग्नि: fire
• अग्नि: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• शस्त्र: weapon
• शस्त्र: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• आदि: and the like
• आदि: सम्बन्ध (enumerative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-समासान्त)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ/समासान्त (etc., and so on)

• भये: in fear (from bandits, beasts, fire, weapons, etc.)
• भये: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular); समास: दस्यु-व्याल-अग्नि-शस्त्र-आदि-भय (determinative)

• अब्दौ: in the ocean
• अब्दौ: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अब्दि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular)

• निमज्जताम्: of those sinking
• निमज्जताम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive: of those who are sinking)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निमज्ज् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present participle), परस्मैपद; षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

Speakers

• Jaḍa (narrator)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Protection of the vulnerable
• Safe trade and travel
• Public safety
• Support of tapas (asceticism)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The king’s dharma extends beyond borders and taxes to real safety: protecting ascetics (spiritual capital) and caravans (economic circulation) sustains both dharma and artha.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita: a king’s greatness is measured by removal of fear (abhaya-dāna in practice), a recurrent puranic criterion of ideal rule.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Ocean of fears’ is saṃsāra imagery; the protector functions like a ferry across dangers—symbolizing dharmic authority as a means of deliverance from chaos.