Shloka 67

Adhyaya 15 — Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

Sanskrit

धर्म उवाच नयामि त्वामहं स्वर्गं त्वया सम्यगुपासितः ।

विमानमेतदारुह्य मा विलम्बस्व गम्यताम् ॥

Transliteration

dharma uvāca nayāmi tvām ahaṃ svargaṃ tvayā samyag upāsitaḥ |

vimānam etad āruhya mā vilambasva gamyatām ||

Translation

دھرم نے کہا—‘میں تمہیں جنت لے چلوں گا، کیونکہ تم نے میری درست طور پر تعظیم کی ہے۔ اس آسمانی وِمان پر سوار ہو؛ دیر نہ کرو—چلو روانہ ہوں۔’

Word by Word

• dharmaḥ: Dharma
• dharmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) of uvāca
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• nayāmi: I lead
• nayāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया); Karta=aham
• Type: Verb
• Root: nī (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 1st person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म) of nayāmi
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Accusative, Singular

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता) of nayāmi
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• svargam: to heaven
• svargam: Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म) destination of nayāmi
• Type: Noun
• Root: svarga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karta (कर्ता) in passive with upāsitaḥ
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• samyak: properly
• samyak: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samyak (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) ‘properly’

• upāsitaḥ: (I) have been worshipped
• upāsitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया) predicate in subordinate sense
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-ās (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with aham; passive sense ‘I have been worshipped/served’

• vimānam: the celestial car
• vimānam: Karma (कर्म) of āruhya
• Type: Noun
• Root: vimāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• etat: this
• etat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of vimānam
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; demonstrative adjective qualifying vimānam

• āruhya: having mounted
• āruhya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-ruh (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ल्यप्) ‘having mounted’

• mā: do not
• mā: Nishedha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: Prohibitive particle

• vilambasva: delay
• vilambasva: Kriyā (क्रिया) prohibition target
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-lamb (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person, Singular, Ātmanepada

• gamyatām: let (us/you) go
• gamyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया) injunction
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada; polite/passive-style ‘let (it) be gone / please go’

Speakers

• Dharma to the king

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Dharma

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Merit (puṇya)
• Heaven (svarga)
• Divine recognition of right conduct

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dharma is presented as personal and responsive: ethical life is not abstract but a relationship with righteousness itself. Proper upāsanā here is lived conduct—truthfulness, protection, generosity—recognized as svarga-qualifying merit.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Didactic narrative reinforcing dharma and phala; ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa rather than a core cosmological/genealogical passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

The vimāna can signify a ‘vehicle’ of refined merit and mind: when conduct is purified, consciousness gains a higher mode of travel—lighter, faster, and luminous.