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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 54

Devanagari script

एतैर्मुख्यतमैः सृप्तैः फूरा श्राद्धं विनिर्मितम् । स्वयं पितामहेनैव ततो देवा विनिर्मिताः

Transliteration

etairmukhyatamaiḥ sṛptaiḥ phūrā śrāddhaṃ vinirmitam | svayaṃ pitāmahenaiva tato devā vinirmitāḥ

Translation

เมื่อบรรดาผู้เป็นประธานเหล่านี้ได้รับการทำให้พอใจโดยชอบแล้ว รูปแบบศราทธะอันสมบูรณ์ก็ได้สถาปนาขึ้น ต่อจากนั้น ปิตามหะ (พรหมา) เองจึงทรงบันดาลกำเนิดเทวะอื่น ๆ

Word by Word
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया (करण) बहुवचनम्; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally = 'by/with these'
मुख्यतमैःby the most eminent
मुख्यतमैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्यतम (प्रातिपदिक; मुख्य + तमप्)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया बहुवचनम्; superlative adjective = 'by the most eminent'
सृप्तैःwith the sṛpta-ones (crept/caused to creep)
सृप्तैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसृप्त (कृदन्त; √सृप् (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया बहुवचनम्; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) = 'having been made to creep/crept' (contextual epithet)
फूराPhūrā (name)
फूरा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootफूरा (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्; proper/common noun (context-specific)
श्राद्धम्śrāddha rite
श्राद्धम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्; object of action
विनिर्मितम्was made/constructed
विनिर्मितम्:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविनिर्मित (कृदन्त; वि-निर्-√मा (धातु) + क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त used predicatively = 'was constructed/produced' (agreeing with श्राद्धम्)
स्वयम्personally
स्वयम्:
Sambandha/Avyaya (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; emphatic adverb = 'personally/by oneself'
पितामहेनby Pitāmaha (Brahmā)
पितामहेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम्; 'by the grandfather/Grandfather (Brahmā)'
एवindeed/only
एव:
Avyaya (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (restrictive particle)
ततःthereupon/from that
ततः:
Avyaya (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तस्मात्/तत्-प्रभव (ablatival adverb) = 'thereupon/from that'
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम्
विनिर्मिताःwere made/created
विनिर्मिताः:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविनिर्मित (कृदन्त; वि-निर्-√मा (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त used predicatively = 'were created' (agreeing with देवाः)
Speaker

Narrator in Nāgarakhaṇḍa (contextual: Śrāddha-kalpa exposition)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Brahmā presides as the archetypal lawgiver; the rite of Śrāddha appears as a structured mandala—first Viśvedevāḥ gratified, then other devas manifest in tiers, indicating ritual completeness.

Characters & Entities
P
Pitāmaha (Brahmā)
D
Deva
Ś
Śrāddha

FAQs

Śrāddha is portrayed as a primordial, divinely instituted rite—its authority is cosmic, not merely social.

This cosmogonic framing appears within the Hāṭakeśvara-kṣetra Māhātmya section, linking place-based devotion with ancestral duty.

The rite is to be performed by first gratifying the foremost divine recipients (contextually the Viśvedevās), completing Śrāddha in its proper form.

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