Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

एतस्मिन्नन्तरे ब्रह्मा शक्रं प्रोवाच सादरम् । कृतस्नानं सुरैः सार्धं विनयावनतं स्थितम्

Transliteration

etasminnantare brahmā śakraṃ provāca sādaram | kṛtasnānaṃ suraiḥ sārdhaṃ vinayāvanataṃ sthitam

Translation

ในกาลนั้น พระพรหมได้ตรัสกับพระศักระด้วยความเคารพ—พระศักระผู้ได้อาบน้ำศักดิ์สิทธิ์ร่วมกับเหล่าเทวะ แล้วประนมตนด้วยความนอบน้อม ยืนอยู่ ณ ที่นั้น

Word by Word

• एतस्मिन्: in this
• एतस्मिन्: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; सर्वनाम-शब्द

• अन्तरे: in the meantime
• अन्तरे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• शक्रम्: Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• प्रोवाच: said, spoke
• प्रोवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्ष), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सादरम्: respectfully
• सादरम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स + आदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग (accusative used adverbially)

• कृतस्नानम्: one who has bathed
• कृतस्नानम्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (√कृ + क्त) + स्नान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-भावः: ‘कृतं स्नानं येन’ इति; शक्रम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• सुरैः: with the gods
• सुरैः: Sahakari (Accompaniment/सहकारि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: Sahakari (Accompaniment/सहकारि)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-अर्थक अव्यय (prepositional adverb: ‘with/together’)

• विनयावनतम्: humbly bowed
• विनयावनतम्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विनय + अवनत (√नम् + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘विनयेन अवनतः’ (bowed due to humility); शक्रम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• स्थितम्: standing, present
• स्थितम्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; शक्रम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Speaker

Narrative voice (contextual, unspecified in this verse)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: ghat

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Brahmā, serene and radiant, turns toward Indra who stands with folded hands, wet from bathing, surrounded by other devas in a quiet semicircle at the water’s edge.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Śakra (Indra)
• Devas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Purification through tīrtha-snānā is paired with humility; spiritual merit ripens in a posture of vinaya (reverent modesty).

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The sacred bathing place in Adhyāya 190 (Nāgara Khaṇḍa, Tīrtha-māhātmya), where the gods themselves complete snāna.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Completion of snāna and maintaining respectful humility in the tīrtha setting.