Mantra 18
Rishi: As above: Puruṣa-corpus attribution; often treated as śruti of primordial scope.
Devata: Puruṣa (cosmic Person), with solar (Āditya) radiance as predicate.
Chandas: Triṣṭubh.
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वेदा॒हमे॒तं पुरु॑षं म॒हान्त॑मादि॒त्यव॑र्णं॒ तम॑सः प॒रस्ता॑त् । तमे॒व वि॑दि॒त्वाति॑ मृ॒त्युमे॑ति॒ नान्यः पन्था॑ विद्य॒तेऽय॑नाय
Transliteration
vedá̄ham etám púruṣaṃ mahā́ntam ādityávarṇaṃ támasaḥ parástāt | tám evá viditvā́ti mṛtyúm eti ná̄nyaḥ pánthā vidyaté’yanāya
Translation
ข้าพเจ้ารู้จักบุรุษ (Puruṣa) ผู้ยิ่งใหญ่นี้ ผู้มีวรรณะดุจอาทิตย์ อยู่พ้นความมืดไปไกล. เมื่อรู้พระองค์แต่ผู้เดียว ย่อมข้ามพ้นความตาย; หาใช่มีหนทางอื่นเพื่อไปถึงที่นั้นไม่.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
वेदा॒ । अ॒हम् । ए॒तम् । पुरु॑षम् । म॒हान्त॑म् । आ॒दि॒त्य-व॑र्णम् । तम॑सः । प॒रस्ता॑त् । तम् । ए॒व । वि॒दि॒त्वा । अति॑ । मृ॒त्युम् । ए॒ति । न । अ॒न्यः । पन्था॑ः । वि॒द्य॒ते । अ॒य॒नाय
Word by Word
वेदI know
वेद:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
एतम्this
एतम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
पुरुषम्Person (Puruṣa)
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
महान्तम्great
महान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
आदित्यवर्णम्having the lustre of the Sun
आदित्यवर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआदित्य-वर्ण
तमसःfrom darkness
तमसः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
परस्तात्beyond, on the farther side
परस्तात्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्तात्
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
एवindeed, only
एव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विदित्वाhaving known
विदित्वा:
—
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने)
अतिbeyond, over
अति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
एतिgoes, passes
एति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√इ (इण् गतौ)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अन्यःanother
अन्यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
पन्थाःpath
पन्थाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन् (प्रातिपदिकम्: पन्था)
विद्यतेexists, is found
विद्यते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ सत्तायाम्) / √अस् (भावे) (प्रयोगार्थः)
अयनायfor going/attainment (as the goal)
अयनाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootअयन
Entities Mentioned
P
Puruṣa (Mahān)Ā
Āditya / Sūrya (as predicate of radiance)M
Mṛtyu (Death)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes