Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 90

The Explanation of the Twelve-Month Caturthī Vrata

Devanagari script

यस्मिन्कस्मिन्भवेन्मासि चतुर्थी रविवारयुक् । सांगारका वा विप्रेंद्र सा विशेषफलप्रदा ॥ ९० ॥

Transliteration

yasminkasminbhavenmāsi caturthī ravivārayuk | sāṃgārakā vā vipreṃdra sā viśeṣaphalapradā || 90 ||

Translation

โอ พราหมณ์ผู้ประเสริฐ ไม่ว่าในเดือนใด หากจตุรถีตรงกับวันอาทิตย์ หรือเป็นจตุรถี ‘สางคารกา’ ที่ประกอบด้วยวันอังคาร ย่อมประทานผลบุญอันพิเศษยิ่ง

Word by Word

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; locative singular ‘in which’

• कस्मिन्: in any (some)
• कस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; interrog./indef. locative ‘in some/any’

• भवेत्: may occur
• भवेत्: क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; parasmaipada; ‘may be/should occur’

• मासि: in a month
• मासि: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; locative ‘in (a) month’

• चतुर्थी: the Caturthī (fourth lunar day)
• चतुर्थी: कर्ता (Kartā/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्थी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; nominative ‘the fourth (tithi)’

• रविवार-युक्: associated with Sunday
• रविवार-युक्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रविवार (प्रातिपदिक) + युज्→युक् (कृदन्त, क्तिन्/क्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): ‘रविवारस्य युक्’; स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन, चतुर्थी-विशेषण; ‘joined with Sunday’

• साङ्गारका: (the) Sāṅgārakā (Caturthī)
• साङ्गारका: कर्ता (Kartā/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साङ्गारका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; a named Caturthī (Sāṅgārakā)

• वा: or
• वा: समुच्चय/विकल्प (Samuccaya/Vikalpa)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (particle of alternative)

• विप्र-इन्द्र: O best of Brahmins
• विप्र-इन्द्र: सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): ‘विप्राणाम् इन्द्रः’; पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; address ‘O best of Brahmins’

• सा: that (she)
• सा: कर्ता (Kartā/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘she/that (Caturthī)’

• विशेष-फल-प्रदा: giver of special fruit/result
• विशेष-फल-प्रदा: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विशेष (प्रातिपदिक) + फल (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रदा (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-प्रद ‘giver’)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष (कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध-प्रधान): ‘विशेषं फलम्’ + ‘प्रदा’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective of सा

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Caturthī-vrata (with special yogas: Sunday Caturthī; Sāṅgārakā Caturthī = Tuesday-conjoined Caturthī)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights that the merit (phala) of a vrata is not only based on the tithi (Caturthī) but is intensified by specific weekday associations, marking certain calendrical “yogas” as especially potent.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing observance on particularly auspicious tithi-weekday combinations, it supports disciplined devotional practice through vrata-keeping, where timing and sincerity together amplify spiritual benefit.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects Jyotiṣa (Vedic calendrics/astrology): identifying the tithi (Caturthī) and its weekday-yoga (Sunday or Tuesday/Sāṅgārakā) as a determinant of enhanced ritual outcome.