HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 21Shloka 2
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Shloka 2

बालकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Daśaratha’s Promise, Vasiṣṭha’s Counsel, and Viśvāmitra’s Weapon-Lore

पूर्वमर्थं प्रतिश्रुत्य प्रतिज्ञां हातुमिच्छसि।राघवाणामयुक्तोऽयं कुलस्यास्य विपर्यय:।।1.21.2।।

pūrvam arthaṃ pratiśrutya pratijñāṃ hātum icchasi |

rāghavāṇām ayukto 'yaṃ kulasyāsya viparyayaḥ ||

முன்னே இவ்விஷயத்தை வாக்குறுதி அளித்து இப்போது அந்தப் பிரதிஞ்ஞையை கைவிட விரும்புகிறாய். இது ராகவர்களுக்கு ஏற்றதல்ல; இக்குலத்திற்கு இது பெரும் விபரீதம்॥

pūrvamformerly / earlier
pūrvam:
Kala/Desha (काल/क्रम)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
arthamthe matter / request
artham:
Karma (कर्म/object of pratiśrutya)
TypeNoun
Rootartha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
pratiśrutyahaving promised
pratiśrutya:
Kriya (क्रिया; पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootprati-√śru (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal form
pratijñāmthe promise
pratijñām:
Karma (कर्म/object of hātum)
TypeNoun
Rootpratijñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
hātumto abandon / to break
hātum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose of icchasi)
TypeVerb
Root√hā (धातु)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्)
icchasiyou wish
icchasi:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√iṣ (धातु; इच्छ्-आदेश)
FormPresent (लट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular; parasmaipada
rāghavāṇāmof the Rāghavas
rāghavāṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
ayuktaḥimproper / unfitting
ayuktaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण/predicate qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota-yukta (प्रातिपदिक; √yuj क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त) used adjectivally; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective to ayaṃ (viparyayaḥ)
ayamthis
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of implied 'asti')
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
kulasyaof the dynasty
kulasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of)
TypeNoun
Rootkula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
asyaof this
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of this)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; refers to 'kula' or context
viparyayaḥreversal / breach / impropriety
viparyayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; subject/predicate-noun)
TypeNoun
Rootviparyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

Viswamitra is well conversant with these weapons. Being virtuous, he is capable of creating new weapons also.

V
Viśvāmitra
D
Daśaratha
R
Rāghava
R
Raghu dynasty

FAQs

Satya and pratijñā-pālana (keeping one’s promise). For a king, truthfulness is not private morality alone; it safeguards the credibility and dharma of the entire dynasty.

Viśvāmitra confronts Daśaratha for hesitating to send Rāma after having agreed, warning that breaking the promise would stain the Rāghava lineage.

Royal integrity (rāja-satya): steadfastness in vows and consistency between word and deed, especially expected of an Ikṣvāku ruler.