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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 3

Dharmopadeśa-Śānti: Rules of Impurity, Expiations, and Ancestor Rites

त्रिरात्रं वाथ षड्रात्रं यथासंख्यं समाचरेत् । स्नानं त्रिषवणं विप्रपञ्चगव्येन शुध्यति ॥ ३ ॥

trirātraṃ vātha ṣaḍrātraṃ yathāsaṃkhyaṃ samācaret | snānaṃ triṣavaṇaṃ viprapañcagavyena śudhyati || 3 ||

त्रिरात्रं वा षड्रात्रं वा यथाक्रमं प्रायश्चित्तं समाचरेत्। त्रिषवणस्नानेन च विप्रः पञ्चगव्यसेवया शुद्धिमाप्नुयात्॥

trirātram(for) three nights
trirātram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottri + rātra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); dvigu-samāsa (द्विगुसमास) ‘three nights’
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormVikalpa-avyaya (विकल्प/विभाषा), disjunctive particle ‘or’
athathen/and
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormAnantara/ārambha-avyaya (अनन्तर/आरम्भ), particle ‘then/and’
ṣaḍrātram(for) six nights
ṣaḍrātram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootṣaṭ + rātra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); dvigu-samāsa (द्विगुसमास) ‘six nights’
yathāsaṃkhyamin proper sequence
yathāsaṃkhyam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā + saṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाव)
FormAvyayībhāva-samāsa (अव्ययीभाव), adverb ‘in due order/according to number’
samācaretshould practice/observe
samācaret:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-√car (चर् धातु)
FormVidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); parasmaipada
snānambathing
snānam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsnāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
triṣavaṇamthree-times-a-day
triṣavaṇam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri + savaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); dvigu-samāsa (द्विगु) used adjectivally qualifying snānam
viprapañcagavyenawith pañcagavya (five cow-products)
viprapañcagavyena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra + pañcagavya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3/तृतीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष) (viprāṇāṃ pañcagavyam / viprāya hitam) ‘brahmin’s pañcagavya’
śudhyatibecomes purified
śudhyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śudh (शुध् धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्/present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); ātmanepada/parasma usage varies—here intransitive ‘becomes pure’

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara
B
Brahmana

FAQs

It frames purification (śauca) as a disciplined prāyaścitta: a time-bound observance (three or six nights) supported by tri-savana bathing and pañcagavya, emphasizing inner and outer cleansing as a prerequisite for Vaidika practice.

While primarily ritual, it supports bhakti by teaching that bodily and ritual purity steady the mind and senses, making worship and remembrance more focused and sattvic—an enabling foundation for devotion.

It reflects Kalpa (procedural rules for rites) through the specified durations and the tri-savana schedule, and it also implies traditional time-division used in Vedic ritual practice.