Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Instruction on Time and Mortality

सुजीवं नित्यशस्तस्य यः परैरुपजीव्यते।राम तेन तु दुर्जीवं यः परानुपजीवति।।2.105.7।।

sujīvaṃ nityaśas tasya yaḥ parair upajīvyate |

rāma tena tu durjīvaṃ yaḥ parān upajīvati ||2.105.7||

ਹੇ ਰਾਮ, ਸੁਖੀ ਜੀਵਨ ਉਸ ਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਸਦਾ ਨਿਰਭਰ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ; ਪਰ ਦੁਸ਼ਕਰ ਜੀਵਨ ਉਸ ਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਹੋਰਾਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਨਿਰਭਰ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਜੀਉਣਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

सुजीवम्a good life
सुजीवम्:
Karta (कर्ता; predicative)
TypeNoun
Rootसु + जीव (प्रातिपदिक); ‘सुजीव’
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्मधारयः: ‘सु-जीवम्’ = good life
नित्यशःalways
नित्यशः:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnityaśas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) ‘always/constantly’
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
परैःby others
परैः:
Karana (करण/Agent-like instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन
उपजीव्यतेis supported (depends)
उपजीव्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√जीव् (धातु)
Formलट् (present); प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense): ‘is maintained/lives depending on’
रामO Rama
राम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन एकवचन
तेनtherefore/for that reason
तेन:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया एकवचन-रूपम् used adverbially; हेतौ (in that case/therefore)
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (contrast)
दुर्जीवम्a hard life
दुर्जीवम्:
Karta (कर्ता; predicative)
TypeNoun
Rootdur + जीव (प्रातिपदिक); ‘दुर्जीव’
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्मधारयः: ‘दुर्-जीवम्’ = hard life
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
परान्others
परान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन
उपजीवतिdepends on
उपजीवति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√जीव् (धातु)
Formलट् (present); प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘lives by/depends on’

O Rama, the life of a man on whom others depend for their sustenance is a happy life and the life of one who depends on others for his own mintenance is miserable.

B
Bharata
R
Rāma

FAQs

It elevates the dharma of leadership: the protector’s role is to be a support for many, not to seek support for oneself—an ethic of responsibility over dependence.

Bharata argues that Rāma is meant to be the one sustaining others (as king), and that reversal of roles would be improper and painful.

A service-oriented view of power—authority as burden-bearing for others’ welfare.