Rig Veda 5.44.7 — Mandala 5, Sukta 44, Mantra 7

Sukta 5.44

Devata: Sūrya / Agni-Sūrya (solarised Agni); verse explicitly names Sūrya

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वेत्यग्रुर्जनिवान्वा अति स्पृधः समर्यता मनसा सूर्यः कविः । घ्रंसं रक्षन्तं परि विश्वतो गयमस्माकं शर्म वनवत्स्वावसुः ॥

Transliteration

véty ágruḥ jánivān vā́ áti spṛ́dhaḥ samaryatā́ mánasā sū́ryaḥ kavíḥ | ghráṃsaṃ rákṣantaṃ pári viśvátó gáyam asmā́kaṃ śárma vanavat svā́vasuḥ ||

Translation

ନବଜାତ, ଉତ୍ସୁକ (ଅଗ୍ରୁ) ସେ ଆଗେଇ ଯାଏ; ପ୍ରତିସ୍ପର୍ଧା/ବିରୋଧକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରେ। ମନର ସମରସତାରେ ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟ—କବି, ଦ୍ରଷ୍ଟା—ଚଳେ। ସବୁ ଦିଗରୁ ଘ୍ରଂସ (ଦହନ-ତାପ)କୁ ରକ୍ଷା କରି, ସେ ଆମ ପାଇଁ ଶାନ୍ତିର ନିବାସ ଜିତେ; ନିଜ ସ୍ୱାବସୁ (ସ୍ୱଶକ୍ତି-ସମୃଦ୍ଧି)ରେ ଆମର ଶର୍ମ (ଆଶ୍ରୟ) ବଢ଼ାଉ।

Word by Word

• वेति: goes forth / strives / pursues
• वेति: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वे (वेति = ‘pursues/strives/knows’ in Vedic usage)

• अग्रुः: the forward-going one / leader
• अग्रुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अग्रु (prātipadika)

• जनिवान्: born / possessing birth (newly arisen)
• जनिवान्: Kartā (apposition to subject)
• Type: Adjective (possessive)
• Root: जनिवस्/जनिवान् (prātipadika from √जन् ‘be born, generate’)

• वा: or / indeed
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• अति: beyond / over
• अति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति

• स्पृधः: rivalries / contests / hostilities
• स्पृधः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्पृध् (prātipadika)

• समर्यताम्: (they) contend / strive together
• समर्यताम्: Kriyā (of opponents/contenders)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√ऋ (समर्यति ‘to strive/contend’; Vedic)

• मनसा: with (his) mind / by thought
• मनसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (prātipadika)

• कविः: seer / poet-sage
• कविः: Kartā (apposition to सूर्यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (prātipadika)

• घ्रंसम्: the burning heat / scorching glow
• घ्रंसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: घ्रंस (prātipadika; ‘heat, burning glow’, also ‘scorching’)

• रक्षन्तम्: protecting / guarding
• रक्षन्तम्: Karma (qualifying the object in acc.)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √रक्ष्

• परि: around
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि

• विश्वतः: on all sides / from every side
• विश्वतः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विश्वतः (from विश्व ‘all’)

• गयम्: abode / life / wealth
• गयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गय (prātipadika; ‘house, abode; life/wealth’ in Vedic)

• अस्माकम्: of us / our
• अस्माकम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• शर्म: shelter / protection / bliss
• शर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्मन् (prātipadika)

• वनवत्: may he win / may he obtain
• वनवत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वन् (वनु/वनति ‘to win, gain’)

• स्वावसुः: well-aiding / of good assistance
• स्वावसुः: Kartā (epithet of the subject, i.e., सूर्यः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वावसु (prātipadika; ‘having good help/aid’, from सु-आवस्)