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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 19

श्रद्धामाहात्म्यं तथा देवीप्रश्नः

The Greatness of Śraddhā and Devī’s Question to Śiva

आम्नायसिद्धमखिलं धर्ममाश्रमिणामिह । ब्रह्मणा कथितं पूर्वं ममैवाज्ञापुरस्सरम् । स तु पैतामहो धर्मो बहुवित्तक्रियान्वितः । नात्यन्त फलभूयिष्ठः क्लेशाया ससमन्वितः

āmnāyasiddhamakhilaṃ dharmamāśramiṇāmiha | brahmaṇā kathitaṃ pūrvaṃ mamaivājñāpurassaram | sa tu paitāmaho dharmo bahuvittakriyānvitaḥ | nātyanta phalabhūyiṣṭhaḥ kleśāyā sasamanvitaḥ

Segala dharma bagi mereka yang hidup dalam empat āśrama, yang teguh dalam tradisi Veda, dahulu telah diajarkan oleh Brahmā menurut perintah-Ku sendiri (Śiva). Namun dharma warisan leluhur itu, yang terikat dengan banyak upacara dan perbelanjaan besar, tidak menghasilkan buah yang amat agung; sebaliknya ia disertai kepayahan dan penderitaan.

āmnāya-siddhamestablished by tradition
āmnāya-siddham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootāmnāya (प्रातिपदिक) + siddha (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (āmnāyena siddham = tradition/śruti-established)
akhilamentire
akhilam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootakhila (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन
dharmamdharma, religious duty
dharmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
āśramiṇāmof the āśrama-dwellers (those in the stages of life)
āśramiṇām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootāśramin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), बहुवचन
ihahere
iha:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)
brahmaṇāby Brahmā
brahmaṇā:
Karta/Agent-in-instrumental (कर्तृ-तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन
kathitamtold, narrated
kathitam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kath (धातु) + ta (क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; कर्मणि-भावः (told/said)
pūrvamformerly, earlier
pūrvam:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाव)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
mamamy
mama:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
evaindeed, only
eva:
Sambandha-nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
ājñā-purassarampreceded by (my) command
ājñā-purassaram:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootājñā (प्रातिपदिक) + puras-sara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (ājñā puras = having command in front/preceded by command)
saḥthat (dharma)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
tubut, however
tu:
Sambandha-nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (contrastive particle)
paitāmahaḥbelonging to the grandsire (Brahmā), ancestral
paitāmahaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpaitāmaha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
dharmaḥdharma
dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
bahu-vitta-kriyā-anvitaḥendowed with many wealth-based rituals
bahu-vitta-kriyā-anvitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक) + vitta (प्रातिपदिक) + kriyā (प्रातिपदिक) + anvita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (bahu-vitta-kriyābhiḥ anvitaḥ = endowed with many wealth-requiring rites)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)
atyantamexcessively, very much
atyantam:
Viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatyanta (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; परिमाण/तीव्रतावाचक-अव्यय (degree adverb)
phala-bhūyiṣṭhaḥmost fruitful
phala-bhūyiṣṭhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūyiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक; superlative)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (phalena bhūyiṣṭhaḥ = having abundant fruit); भūyiṣṭha = अतिशय (superlative sense)
kleśāyafor hardship, for trouble
kleśāya:
Sampradāna/Prayojana (सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootkleśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4), एकवचन
sa-samanvitaḥaccompanied (with it)
sa-samanvitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + samanvita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; 'sa-' उपसर्गार्थक (with/together)

Lord Shiva

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Īśāna

Significance: Critiques ritual-heavy dharma as limited in fruit and burdened with kleśa, highlighting bondage through karma/māyā when not transmuted by Śiva-oriented devotion and grace.

Offering: naivedya

S
Shiva
B
Brahma

FAQs

Shiva states that Vedic āśrama-dharma and elaborate rites, though valid and divinely sanctioned, can be heavy with effort and not necessarily give the highest fruit. The verse points toward a higher Shaiva aim: liberation through Shiva’s grace, inner purity, and God-centered discipline rather than mere ritual complexity.

By contrasting wealth-intensive ritualism with the highest fruit, the verse supports the Shaiva emphasis on direct devotion to Shiva—often expressed through Linga worship—as a simpler, more inward, grace-oriented means. Saguna Shiva (worshipped as the Linga) becomes the accessible focus that can transcend mere external performance.

The takeaway is to prioritize inward Shaiva practice—japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), steady meditation on Shiva, and simple Linga-pūjā—over burdensome, costly rites. The verse implicitly favors practices that reduce kleśa (strain) and increase devotion and clarity.