Shloka 66

त्रिशिरा-प्रबोधनम् तथा नरान्तक-वधः

Trisira’s Counsel and the Slaying of Naranthaka

Devanagari script

ततोहयंमारुततुल्यवेगमारुह्यशक्तिंनिशितांप्रगृह्य ।नरान्तकोवानरराजसैन्यंमहार्णवंमीनइवाविवेश ।।।।

Transliteration

tato hayaṃ māruta-tulya-vegam āruhya śaktiṃ niśitāṃ pragṛhya | narāntako vānararāja-sainyaṃ mahārṇavaṃ mīna ivāviveśa ||

Translation

Kemudian Narāntaka menaiki kuda yang lajunya seumpama angin, menggenggam lembing yang tajam, lalu menerjah ke dalam bala tentera raja Vānara bagaikan ikan menyelam ke samudera luas.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: कालाधिकरण (temporal adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय; तद्-प्रभव)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• हयम्: horse
• हयम्: कर्म (Karma/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: haya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• मारुततुल्यवेगम्: having speed like the wind
• मारुततुल्यवेगम्: कर्म (Karma; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: māruta-tulya-vega (प्रातिपदिक; components: māruta + tulya + vega)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् to हयम्; (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासभावः) ‘मारुततुल्यः वेगः यस्य’

• आरुह्य: having mounted
• आरुह्य: पूर्वकालक्रिया (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā√ruh (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), ‘having mounted’

• शक्तिम्: javelin/spear
• शक्तिम्: कर्म (Karma/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे (feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• निशिताम्: sharp
• निशिताम्: कर्म (Karma; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niśita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् to शक्तिम्

• प्रगृह्य: having grasped
• प्रगृह्य: पूर्वकालक्रिया (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√grah (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having seized/taken up’

• नरान्तकः: Narantaka
• नरान्तकः: कर्ता (Karta/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: narāntaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (proper name)

• वानरराजसैन्यम्: the monkey-king's army
• वानरराजसैन्यम्: कर्म (Karma/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara-rāja-sainya (प्रातिपदिक; components: vānara + rāja + sainya)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: वानरराजस्य सैन्यम्

• महार्णवम्: the great ocean
• महार्णवम्: उपमान (Upamāna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā-arṇava (प्रातिपदिक; components: mahā + arṇava)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपमानपद (object of comparison)

• मीनः: a fish
• मीनः: उपमान (Upamāna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mīna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपमेय-उपमानवाक्ये उपमानकर्ता

• इव: like
• इव: उपमा-सूचक (comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• आविवेश: entered
• आविवेश: क्रिया (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā√viś (धातु)
• Form: लिट्/परस्मैपद (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

Then Naranthaka, mounted on horseback went at wind speed taking hold of javelin and entered Vanara army just as fish entered the ocean.

Characters & Entities

• Narāntaka
• Vānararāja (Vānara king, i.e., Sugrīva implied by context)
• Vānara-sainya
• śakti (javelin)
• aśva (horse)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse contrasts righteous defense with violent intrusion: dharma requires preparedness because adharma can strike swiftly and forcefully.

What is the narrative situation?

Narāntaka, armed with a javelin and riding fast, charges into the Vānara host.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Alert readiness on the defenders’ side is implied; on Narāntaka’s side, sheer martial audacity is displayed.