Shloka 31

लङ्कानिरीक्षणं व्यूहविन्यासश्च

Survey of Lanka and Deployment of the Battle Formation

Devanagari script

सचहन्ताविराधस्यकबन्धस्यखरस्यच ।सुग्रीवसहितोरामस्सीताया: पदमागतः ।।।।

Transliteration

sa ca hantā virādhasya kabandhasya kharasya ca |

sugrīvasahito rāmaḥ sītāyāḥ padam āgataḥ ||

Translation

Rāma itu—pembunuh Virādha, Kabandha dan Khara—kini telah datang ke sini bersama Sugrīva, melangkah demi Sītā.

Word by Word

• sa: he
• sa: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): 'and'

• hantā: slayer
• hantā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hantr̥ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √han)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक-नाम (agent noun): 'slayer'

• virādhasya: of Viradha
• virādhasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: virādha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• kabandhasya: of Kabandha
• kabandhasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kabandha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• kharasya: of Khara
• kharasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): 'and'

• sugrīva-sahitaḥ: accompanied by Sugriva
• sugrīva-sahitaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक) + sahita (कृदन्त; √sah)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (सह/सहित: 'accompanied with'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of rāmaḥ)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• sītāyāḥ: of Sita
• sītāyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• padam: place/footing/trace
• padam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• āgataḥ: has reached
• āgataḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√gam (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP used in intransitive sense): पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'has come/arrived'

Context

"The life of Viradha, Kabhanda and Khara has been taken away by Rama. Accompanied by Sugriva they have set their foot into Lanka for Sita's sake."

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sugriva
• Sita
• Viradha
• Kabandha
• Khara
• Lanka (implied by context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rama’s campaign is framed as dharmic: he acts to protect righteousness and recover Sītā, not for conquest—linking power to moral purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

Śuka reports to Rāvaṇa about Rama’s identity, allies, and past victories, emphasizing that Rama has arrived for Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s steadfastness and protective duty (rakṣaṇa-dharma), supported by loyal alliance (Sugrīva).