Shloka 22

लङ्कानिरीक्षणं व्यूहविन्यासश्च

Survey of Lanka and Deployment of the Battle Formation

Devanagari script

ततोरामोमहातेजास्सुग्रीवमिदमब्रवीत् ।सुविभक्तानिसैन्यानिशुकएषविमुच्यताम् ।।।।

Transliteration

tato rāmo mahātejāḥ sugrīvam idam abravīt | suvibhaktāni sainyāni śuka eṣa vimucyatām ||

Translation

Kemudian Rāma yang bermahacahaya berkata kepada Sugrīva: “Pasukan telah tersusun rapi dan terbahagi dengan baik. Lepaskanlah Śuka ini.”

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereupon
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (काल/अनन्तर-अव्यय)

• rāmaḥ: Rāma
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• mahātejāḥ: of great splendor
• mahātejāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय): mahā-tejas = 'greatly radiant'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with rāmaḥ

• sugrīvam: to Sugrīva
• sugrīvam: Sampradāna/Addressed (सम्प्रदान/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• idam: this (statement)
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• abravīt: said/spoke
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, Aorist), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• suvibhaktāni: well-arranged
• suvibhaktāni: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-vi-bhaj (धातु) + kta (क्त, कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with sainyāni

• sainyāni: armies/forces
• sainyāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• śukaḥ: Śuka (the envoy)
• śukaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• eṣaḥ: this (one)
• eṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); apposition to śukaḥ

• vimucyatām: let (him) be released
• vimucyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-muc (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्, Imperative), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); passive/impersonal sense: 'let him be released'

Context

Having heard Sugriva, there after splendid Rama spoke thus. "The army is divided (placed in position). Suka may be relieved."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• Śuka (envoy)
• Vanara troops

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma-yuddha (righteous warfare): once military necessity is met, an envoy should not be harmed—Rāma orders Śuka’s release, aligning power with restraint and truth-based conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

After completing the battle formation, Rāma instructs Sugrīva to release Śuka, the opposing side’s messenger.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s maryādā (ethical restraint) and commitment to proper wartime norms, reflecting satya and fairness even toward enemies.