Shloka 22

कौशल्यारामसंवादः

Kausalya–Rama Dialogue on Exile-Dharma

Devanagari script

भरतश्चापि धर्मात्मा सर्वभूतप्रियंवदः।भवतीमनुवर्तेत स हि धर्मरतस्सदा।।2.24.22।।

Transliteration

bharataś cāpi dharmātmā sarva-bhūta-priyaṃ-vadaḥ | bhavatīm anuvarteta sa hi dharma-ratas sadā || 2.24.22 ||

Translation

Bharata juga seorang yang berjiwa dharma, bertutur manis kepada segala makhluk; sentiasa tekun pada dharma, dia pasti akan menurut dan berbakti kepadamu.

Word by Word

• भरतः: Bharata
• भरतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ-निपात (also/even)

• धर्मात्मा: righteous-souled
• धर्मात्मा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (धर्मः आत्मा यस्य सः)

• सर्वभूतप्रियंवदः: one who speaks pleasingly to all beings
• सर्वभूतप्रियंवदः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + भूत + प्रिय + वद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (सर्वेषां भूतानां प्रियं वदति)

• भवतीम्: you
• भवतीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; आदरार्थ सर्वनाम

• अनुवर्तेत: should follow, would follow
• अनुवर्तेत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृत् (धातु) + अनु (उपसर्ग)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (indeed/for)

• धर्मरतः: devoted to dharma
• धर्मरतः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (धर्मे रतः)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नित्यत्ववाचक क्रियाविशेषण (always)

Context

Bharata, who is virtuous and speaks pleasantly to all beings and who is alwaysattached to righteousness will surely remain obedient to you.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kauśalyā
• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as reliable character: Bharata’s goodness and dharma-mindedness are presented as a moral assurance that he will protect and honor elders appropriately.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma consoles Kauśalyā by pointing to Bharata’s virtuous nature, implying she will not be unsupported in the palace.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s dharma-rati (constant devotion to righteousness) and gentle speech are highlighted.