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Atharva Veda 18.3.41: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 41

Sukta 3

दे॒वेभ्यः॒ कम॑वृणीत मृ॒त्युं प्र॒जायै॒ किम॒मृतं॒ नावृ॑णीत । बृह॒स्पति॑र्य॒ज्ञम॑तनुत॒ ऋषिः॑ प्रि॒यां य॒मस्त॒न्व॑१मा रि॑रेच

devébhyaḥ kám avṛṇīta mṛtyúṃ prajā́yai kím amṛ́taṃ návṛṇīta | bṛ́haspátir yajñám atanuta ṛ́ṣiḥ priyā́ṃ yamás tanvàm ā́ rireca

For the Gods—who was it chose Death for the progeny? why chose he not immortality? Bṛhaspati, the Seer, stretched forth the Sacrifice; Yama relinquished his dear body.

Bagi para Dewa—siapakah yang memilih Kematian untuk zuriat? mengapa dia tidak memilih keabadian? Bṛhaspati, sang Ṛṣi, membentangkan Yajña (korban suci); Yama melepaskan tubuhnya yang dikasihi.

देवेभ्यःto/for the gods
देवेभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
कम्what?
कम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अवृणीतchose
अवृणीत:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणीते ‘to choose’)
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रजायैfor offspring / for progeny
प्रजायै:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
किम्what?
किम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अमृतम्immortality / ambrosia
अमृतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
not
:
(निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवृणीतchose
अवृणीत:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणीते ‘to choose’)
बृहस्पतिःBṛhaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootबृहस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञम्the sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
अतनुतextended / spread
अतनुत:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√तन् (तनुते/तनोति ‘to stretch, extend, spread’)
ऋषिःthe seer
ऋषिः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्ध/विशेषण-भावेन बृहस्पतेः)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रियाम्the beloved (one)
प्रियाम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootप्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
यमःYama
यमः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
तन्वम्the body
तन्वम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootतनू (प्रातिपदिक)
forth / unto (as preverb)
:
(क्रियाविशेषक)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Root
रिरेचleft / abandoned / emptied
रिरेच:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√रिच् (रिणक्ति/रिणेक्ति ‘to empty, leave, abandon’)

Rishi: Atharvanic funerary attribution; seer-function foregrounded in the verse itself (ṛṣiḥ).

Devata: Bṛhaspati; Yama; Death (Mṛtyu) as concept-force.

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (typical of elevated mythic narration).

Primary: shanta

Secondary: karuna

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