Previous Verse
Next Verse

Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 57

अदत्त्वा सलिलं सस्यं पितॄणां यो नराधिप । स्वयमश्नाति वा तोयं पिवेत्स स्यात्पितृद्रुहः । स्वर्गेऽपि च न ते तोयं लभंते नान्नमेव च

adattvā salilaṃ sasyaṃ pitṝṇāṃ yo narādhipa | svayamaśnāti vā toyaṃ pivetsa syātpitṛdruhaḥ | svarge'pi ca na te toyaṃ labhaṃte nānnameva ca

ഹേ നരാധിപാ! പിതൃകൾക്ക് ആദ്യം ജലവും അന്നവും അർപ്പിക്കാതെ സ്വയം ഭക്ഷിക്കുകയോ വെള്ളം കുടിക്കുകയോ ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ പിതൃദ്രോഹിയാകുന്നു. അത്തരക്കാർ സ്വർഗ്ഗത്തിലും ജലവും അന്നവും ലഭിക്കുകയില്ല.

अदत्त्वाwithout giving
अदत्त्वा:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Roota- + √dā (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund) नकारार्थक-उपपदसमासभावः; 'not having given'
सलिलम्water
सलिलम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsalila (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचनम्
सस्यम्grain/food-crop
सस्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsasya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचनम्; अन्नादि-धान्यरूपम्
पितॄणाम्of the ancestors
पितॄणाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचनम्
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचनम्; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
नराधिपO king
नराधिप:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnara + adhipa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण)
अश्नातिeats
अश्नाति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√aś (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Disjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (विकल्पार्थक)
तोयम्water
तोयम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottoya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचनम्
पिवेत्would drink
पिवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pā (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचनम्
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Copula/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
पितृद्रुहःa betrayer of the ancestors
पितृद्रुहः:
Predicative Noun (विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ + druh (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (पितॄन् द्रुह्यति इति)
स्वर्गेin heaven
स्वर्गे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचनम्
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (निपात)
and
:
Sambandha (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चयार्थक)
not
:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (निषेध)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचनम्; 'they' (pitṛs)
तोयम्water
तोयम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottoya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचनम्
लभन्तेobtain
लभन्ते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√labh (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्
not
:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (निषेध)
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootanna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचनम्
एवindeed/just
एव:
Emphasis (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (अवधारण)
and
:
Sambandha (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चयार्थक)

Unknown (Nāgarakhaṇḍa narrator addressing a king; speaker not explicit in snippet)

Listener: rājan (king)

Scene: A cautionary tableau: a man reaches to eat/drink while the unseen Pitṛs remain unoffered; the teacher points in admonition; a symbolic vision shows the same man in heaven lacking water and food.

P
Pitṛs
S
Svarga

FAQs

Neglect of ancestral duty is treated as a grave moral failure with consequences that follow the soul beyond death.

Not specified in this verse; the teaching is a general dharmic injunction within a tīrtha narrative frame.

Offer water and food to the Pitṛs before one’s own eating and drinking (a daily Pitṛ-tarpaṇa ethic).