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Shloka 17

त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः (Sarga 83)

Hanumān Reports Sītā’s ‘Slaying’; Rāma Collapses; Lakṣmaṇa’s Counter-Discourse on Dharma and Artha

यद्यधर्मोभवेद्भूतोरावणोनरकंव्रजेत् ।भवांश्चधर्मसम्युक्तोनैवंव्यसनमाप्नुयात् ।।6.83.17।।

yady adharmaḥ bhaved bhūto rāvaṇo narakaṃ vrajet |

bhavāṃś ca dharma-samyukto naivaṃ vyasanam āpnuyāt ||6.83.17||

അധർമ്മം യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ ഒരു ശക്തിയായി നിലനിന്നിരുന്നുവെങ്കിൽ, രാവണൻ നരകത്തിലേക്കു പോകുമായിരുന്നു; ധർമ്മസമ്പന്നനായ നീ ഇത്തരമൊരു ദുരിതത്തിൽ അകപ്പെടുകയുമില്ലായിരുന്നു.

यदिif
यदि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्ययम् (conditional: if)
अधर्मःunrighteousness
अधर्मः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
भवेत्were to be; should exist
भवेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; √भू (to be)
भूतःhaving arisen
भूतः:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifies अधर्मः: ‘having occurred/come to be’)
रावणःRavana
रावणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
नरकम्hell
नरकम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
व्रजेत्would go
व्रजेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvraj (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; √व्रज् (to go)
भवान्you
भवान्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (honorific ‘you’)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम्
धर्मसम्युक्तःendowed with righteousness
धर्मसम्युक्तः:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdharma + saṃyukta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषः (dharmeṇa saṃyuktaḥ = endowed with dharma); पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifies भवान्)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्ययम्
एवम्thus
एवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारार्थक-अव्ययम् (thus/in this way)
व्यसनम्calamity
व्यसनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
आप्नुयात्would attain
आप्नुयात्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootāp (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; √आप् (to obtain/reach)

" As Ravana has no sorrow and you have experienced agony the contraries of each other have changed the roles of righteousness and unrighteousness."

R
Rāvaṇa

FAQs

It questions karmic moral causality: if dharma/adharma reliably produced results, the wicked would immediately fall and the righteous would be protected.

The speaker contrasts Rāvaṇa’s apparent prosperity with the righteous side’s suffering to argue against a moral order.

The addressee’s dharma-yoga (being ‘joined to dharma’)—moral rectitude despite adversity.