Shloka 12

शरबन्धनविलापः

The Lament under the Net of Arrows

Devanagari script

धिङ्मांदुष्कृतकर्माणमनार्यंमत्कृतेह्यसौ ।लक्ष्मणःपतितश्शेतेशरतल्पेगतासुवत् ।।6.49.12।।

Transliteration

dhiṅ māṃ duṣkṛtakarmāṇam anāryaṃ matkṛte hy asau |

lakṣmaṇaḥ patitaḥ śete śaratalpe gatāsuvat || 6.49.12 ||

Translation

ധിക് എനിക്കു—ദുഷ്കൃതകർമ്മിയായും അനാര്യനായും ഞാൻ! എന്റെ കാരണത്താൽ ലക്ഷ്മണൻ വീണു, ശരശയ്യയിൽ പ്രാണൻ വിട്ടവനെപ്പോലെ കിടക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word

• धिङ्: shame!
• धिङ्: भाव (Exclamation/भाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धिङ् (अव्यय)
• Form: निन्दासूचक अव्यय (interjection of censure)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दुष्कृतकर्माणम्: of sinful deeds
• दुष्कृतकर्माणम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्कृत-कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; दुष्कृत + कर्माणम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) माम्; समासः षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः: 'दुष्कृतं कर्म यस्य' (sinful-deeded)

• अनार्यम्: ignoble
• अनार्यम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण माम्

• मत्कृते: because of me
• मत्कृते: हेतु (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मत्-कृत (प्रातिपदिक; मत् + कृते)
• Form: हेत्वर्थे सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषात् निष्पन्नं अव्ययीभावप्रायं पदम्; 'for my sake/because of me' (locative of cause)

• हि: indeed
• हि: हेतु (Reason/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/हेतुसूचक अव्यय

• असौ: that one (he)
• असौ: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पतितः: fallen
• पतितः: क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (Predicative/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (predicative)

• शेते: lies
• शेते: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शी (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• शरतल्पे: on a bed of arrows
• शरतल्पे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर-तल्प (प्रातिपदिक; शर + तल्प)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('bed of arrows')

• गतासुवत्: as if lifeless
• गतासुवत्: उपमान/विशेषण (Simile-qualifier/उपमान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गत-असु-वत् (प्रातिपदिक; गत + असु + वत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमान/विशेषण लक्ष्मणः; बहुव्रीहिः: 'गताः असवः यस्य' (whose life-breaths have gone) + वत् (like)

Context

"What a pity! Me of sinful deeds and not a noble one, because of whose action Lakshmana's life having departed and lying on the bed of arrows."

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes owning responsibility: Rāma’s lament shows an ethical conscience that refuses self-justification when a loved one suffers for his cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Seeing Lakṣmaṇa motionless on an arrow-bed, Rāma assumes the worst and condemns himself as the cause of Lakṣmaṇa’s fate.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral accountability and humility: Rāma judges himself harshly rather than blaming others.