Atharva Veda 9.2.13: Kanda 9, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 13

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अ॒ग्निर्यव॒ इन्द्रो॒ यवः॒ सोमो॒ यवः॑ । य॒व॒यावा॑नो दे॒वा या॑वयन्त्वेनम्

IAST Transliteration

agnír yáva índro yávaḥ sómo yávaḥ | yavayā́vāno devā́ yāvayantu enam ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Agni is barley, Indra is barley, Soma is barley: the gods, possessed of barley—aye, of driving-away—let them drive him hence.

Translation

അഗ്നി യവം (ജൗ) ആകുന്നു; ഇന്ദ്രനും യവം; സോമനും യവം. യവം ധരിച്ച—‘യവയാവൻ’ (അകറ്റിപ്പായിക്കുന്ന) ദേവന്മാർ അവനെ ഇവിടെ നിന്ന് അകറ്റിക്കളയട്ടെ.

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Word by Word

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यवः: barley
• यवः: (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यवः: barley
• यवः: (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यवः: barley
• यवः: (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यवयावानः: possessing the power to drive away (repelling)
• यवयावानः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यवयावन्- (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/विशेषण)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यावयन्तु: may (they) drive away
• यावयन्तु: (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यावय् (धातु; णिजन्त/causative of √यु/याव?; ‘to drive away’)

• एनम्: this one; him/it
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्/एतद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एनद्-श्रुति)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (hymn-level attribution varies)

Devata: Agni, Indra, Soma (as powers resident in yava); collectively the Devas

Chandas: Gāyatrī-like brevity / mixed (often treated as a short tri-pāda charm-verse)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: raudra

Secondary: vira