Rig Veda 4.20.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 20, Mantra 9
Sukta 4.20
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कया तच्छृण्वे शच्या शचिष्ठो यया कृणोति मुहु का चिदृष्वः । पुरु दाशुषे विचयिष्ठो अंहोऽथा दधाति द्रविणं जरित्रे ॥
Transliteration
kayā́ tát śṛṇve śacyā́ śáciṣṭho yayā́ kṛṇóti múhu kā́ cid ṛṣváḥ | purú dāśúṣe ví-cayiṣṭho áṃho 'thā́ dadhāti dráviṇaṃ jaritré ||
Translation
いかなる霊妙なる力（śacyā）によってか、最も有能なる者（śaciṣṭha）よ、汝が幾たびも、なお困難なることさえ成し遂げると聞くのか。施与する者のために禍（aṃhas）を見分け、切り分ける汝は、ついで歌い手に真実の財（draviṇa）を確立したまう。
Word by Word
कयाby which? (by what means?)
कया:
करण
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
कर्म (श्रवणे) / विषय
TypePronoun
Rootतद्-प्रातिपदिक
शृण्वेI hear
शृण्वे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (शृणोति)
शच्याwith power/skill (effective might)
शच्या:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootशची-प्रातिपदिक
शचिष्ठःmost mighty/most effective
शचिष्ठः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्) / संबोधनार्थः (स्तुतौ)
TypeAdjective
Rootशची + इष्ठ (तमप्-प्रत्ययः)
ययाby which
यया:
करण
TypePronoun
Rootयद्-प्रातिपदिक
कृणोतिhe does/makes
कृणोति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करोति/कृणोति)
मुहुःagain and again; repeatedly
मुहुः:
अधिकरण (काल) / क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुर् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
काwhat? which?
का:
कर्तृ (प्रश्नार्थे) / विशेषणम्
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक)
चित्even; indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय) / चिद्
ऋष्वःlofty; exalted; mighty
ऋष्वः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootऋष्व-प्रातिपदिक
पुरुmuch; many
पुरु:
कर्म-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
दाशुषेto the worshipper/giver
दाशुषे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (participle used substantively)
Rootदाश्वस् (√दाश् ‘to give, worship’)
विचयिष्ठःmost discerning; best chooser
विचयिष्ठः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + चय (√चि ‘to gather/choose’) + इष्ठ
अंहःdistress; sin; narrowness
अंहः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअंहस्-प्रातिपदिक
अथthen; and then
अथ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
दधातिhe places; bestows
दधाति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootधा (दधाति)
द्रविणम्wealth; treasure
द्रविणम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootद्रविण-प्रातिपदिक
जरित्रेto the praiser/singer
जरित्रे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootजरितृ-प्रातिपदिक (√गॄ/जर् ‘to sing/praise’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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