Rig Veda 4.20.10: Mandala 4, Sukta 20, Mantra 10
Sukta 4.20
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मा नो मर्धीरा भरा दद्धि तन्नः प्र दाशुषे दातवे भूरि यत्ते । नव्ये देष्णे शस्ते अस्मिन्त उक्थे प्र ब्रवाम वयमिन्द्र स्तुवन्तः ॥
Transliteration
mā́ no mardhīr ā́ bharā daddhí tán naḥ prá dāśúṣe dā́tave bhū́ri yát te | návye deṣṇé śasté asmín ta ukthe prá bravāma vayám indra stuvántaḥ ||
Translation
われらを打ち砕くな。われらのためにそれを携え来たり、われらに据え置け――豊かに――施す者がまことに施し得るように。この新たなる施与において、この讃歌と頌詞において、われらは、インドラよ、汝を讃えつつ、それを前へと宣べる。
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā́
नःto us / our
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
मर्धीःharm (us)!
मर्धीः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootमृध् (mṛdh) / मर्ध् (Vedic) ‘to harm, oppress’
आtowards, hither
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / ā
भराbring!
भरा:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभृ (bhṛ) ‘to bear, bring’
दद्धिgive! / bestow!
दद्धि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootधा (dhā) ‘to put, place; give’
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
नःto us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)
दाशुषेto the worshipper / to the giver
दाशुषे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (participle used substantively)
Rootदाश्वांस् (from √दाश्/दश् ‘to give, worship, offer’)
दातवेto give / for giving
दातवे:
Prayojana
TypeVerbal noun (infinitive)
Rootदा (dā) ‘to give’
भूरिmuch, abundant
भूरि:
—
TypeAdjective/Indeclinable (Vedic)
Rootभूरि (prātipadika) ‘much, abundant’
यत्what, that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद्
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
नव्येin the new
नव्ये:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootनव्य (prātipadika) ‘new, fresh’
देष्णेin the gift / in the act of giving
देष्णे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदेष्णा/देष्णि (prātipadika) ‘gift, giving, donation’ (Vedic)
शस्तेin the praise
शस्ते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त (from √शंस् ‘to praise, recite’)
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
तthen, indeed
त:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Particle (Vedic enclitic)
Rootतद् (enclitic particle/pronoun)
उक्थेin the hymn
उक्थे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootउक्थ (prātipadika) ‘hymn, recitation’
प्रforth
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (निपात)
ब्रवामwe speak, we proclaim
ब्रवाम:
—
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (brū) ‘to speak’
वयम्we
वयम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (prātipadika)
स्तुवन्तःpraising
स्तुवन्तः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Rootस्तु (stu) ‘to praise’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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