Sutra 29

Devanagari script

एवमवश्यं त्वनुग्रहीतव्ये तत्कालसहमस्मै दण्डं दद्यात् ॥ कZ_०७.८.२९ ॥

Transliteration

evam avaśyaṃ tv anugrahītavye tatkāla-saham asmai daṇḍaṃ dadyāt.

Translation

それでも恩恵を与えねばならない場合、君主はその時と状況に適合する形でのみ、強制権力／実力（ダンダ）を与えるべきである。

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus; in this manner
• Type: Particle
• Root: एवम्
• Form: अव्यय; manner-adverb (‘thus/in this way’)

• अवश्यम्: necessarily; certainly
• Type: Particle
• Root: अवश्यम्
• Form: अव्यय; necessity/emphasis (‘certainly/necessarily’)

• तु: but; however
• Type: Particle
• Root: तु
• Form: अव्यय; adversative/contrastive conjunction (‘but/indeed/however’)

• अनुग्रहीतव्ये: in the case where favour/leniency is to be shown; when one is to be treated with indulgence
• Type: Verbal adjective (Gerundive/Kṛtya)
• Root: अनु-√ग्रह्
• Form: कृत्य-प्रत्यय (तव्यत्); locative singular (सप्तमी एकवचन); neuter/impersonal locative absolute sense: ‘when/if (someone) is to be shown favour’

• तत्कालसहम्: appropriate to that occasion/time; commensurate with the circumstances
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत् + काल + सह
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; accusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन); qualifies दण्डम्; meaning ‘commensurate with that time/occasion’

• अस्मै: to him; for him
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (अस्मद्-प्रत्ययात्मक रूप)
• Form: दत्तिविभक्ति (चतुर्थी) एकवचन; masculine/neuter; ‘to him/for him’

• दण्डम्: punishment; penalty (fine/penal measure)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; accusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन); object of दद्यात्

• दद्यात्: should give; should impose
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (दा॒ने)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; 3rd person singular; ‘should give/should impose’

Entities Mentioned

• king
• subordinate/agent

More Details

FAQs

How does this verse reconcile ‘necessary favor’ with security concerns?

By recommending a constrained, time-appropriate grant of authority—delegation without open-ended power.