Atharva Veda 20.49.2: Kanda 20, Anuvaka 5, Sukta 49, Mantra 2

Sukta 49

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

श॒क्रो वाच॒मधृ॑ष्टा॒योरु॑वाचो॒ अधृ॑ष्णुहि । मं॑हिष्ठ॒ आ म॑द॒र्दिवि॑

IAST Transliteration

śakró vā́cam ádhṛṣṭāyor úruvāco ádhṛṣṇuhi | maṁhíṣṭha ā́ madad dívi ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Śakra—(with) Speech of the two unassailed, wide-voiced—be thou unassailable. Most bounteous, be exhilarate in heaven.

Translation

Śakra—dengan Vāk (Ucapan) yang tak tersentuh dari keduanya, bersuara luas—jadilah engkau tak tersentuh. Yang paling dermawan, bergembiralah di surga.

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Word by Word

• शक्रः: Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाचम्: speech, utterance
• वाचम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वच्

• अधृष्टाय: to/for the unassailable (one)
• अधृष्टाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधृष्ट (कृदन्त/विशेषण) < √धृष् (सहने/धर्षणे) + अ- (निषेध)

• उरुवाचः: of broad/abundant speech
• उरुवाचः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु-वाचस् (समासः: कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-प्रायः)

• अधृष्णुहि: be unassailable; withstand!
• अधृष्णुहि: (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धृष् (धर्षणे/सहने) ; रूपम्: अधृष्णु- (आज्ञार्थ-प्रयोगः)

• मंहिष्ठः: most bountiful, very generous
• मंहिष्ठः: कर्तृ/सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मंहिष्ठ (विशेषण; अतिशय-प्रत्यय -इष्ठ)

• आ: towards, hither; intensively
• आ: (क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्गः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• मद: rejoice; be exhilarated
• मद: (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मद् (हर्षे/मदे)

• अर्द: crush, smite
• अर्द: (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्द् (हिंसायाम्/पीडने)

• दिवि: in heaven, in the sky
• दिवि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: RV-derived

Devata: Indra (Śakra) with Vāc as empowering attribute

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like/compact RV meter (as preserved in AV 20)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta