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Determination of the Origin and Procedure of the Ancestral Offering
Pitṛyajña/Śrāddha
क्रूरो भीरुर्विषादी च हिंसको निरपत्रपः ॥ अज्ञानान्धश्च पैशाचमेतॆषां तामसा गुणाः ॥
krūro bhīrur viṣādī ca hiṃsako nirapatrapaḥ | ajñānāndhaś ca paiśācam eteṣāṃ tāmasā guṇāḥ ||
तामस वाले लोग कठोर होते हैं, डरते रहते हैं, दुखी रहते हैं। वो दूसरों को तकलीफ देते हैं, शर्म नहीं आती। इनके अंदर ज्ञान नहीं होता, अंधेरा रहता है। इन सब गुणों को तामस का काम समझो।
Varāha (default, instructor voice)
Such lists function as didactic catalogs used in Purāṇic and Smṛti-style moral instruction, providing recognizable markers for self-assessment and social ethics.
No location is specified; the verse is a characterological enumeration.
The text discourages cruelty, violence, and shamelessness by classifying them as tamas-dominant traits that impair ethical discernment.
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
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