Varaha Purana 177.43: Adhyaya 177, Shloka 43

The Curse of Sāmba and the Prescribed Observance of Sun-Worship

Devanagari script

अध्यापयत्साम्बयुतो रविर्मध्यन्दिनोऽभवत् ॥ वैकुण्ठपश्चिमे पार्श्वे तीर्थं माध्यन्दिनीयकम् ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 177.43

Transliteration

adhyāpayat sāmbayuto ravir madhyandino'bhavat || vaikuṇṭhapaścime pārśve tīrthaṁ mādhyandinīyakam ||

Translation

साम्ब के साथ रवि ने उसे सब सिखाया। इससे वो माध्यन्दिन बन गया। वैकुण्ठ के पास वेस्ट साइड में एक तीर्थ है। उसका नाम माध्यन्दिनीयक तीर्थ है।

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Word by Word

• अध्यापयत्: taught
• अध्यापयत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि-आप्/आपय् (धातु) [कारण-प्रयोगः of √अधि-इ/अध्यै ‘to teach’ treated as causative]
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; causative sense (णिच्)

• साम्ब-युतः: accompanied by Sāmba
• साम्ब-युतः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साम्ब (प्रातिपदिक) + युत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (साम्बेन युतः = accompanied by Sāmba)

• रविः: the Sun
• रविः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रवि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• मध्यन्दिनः: midday (as the midday Sun)
• मध्यन्दिनः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मध्यन्दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying रविः)

• अभवत्: became, was
• अभवत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• वैकुण्ठ-पश्चिमे: on the western (side) of Vaikuṇṭha
• वैकुण्ठ-पश्चिमे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वैकुण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + पश्चिम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (contextual), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (वैकुण्ठस्य पश्चिमे = on the western side of Vaikuṇṭha)

• पार्श्वे: at the side
• पार्श्वे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (or पुं), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तीर्थम्: a sacred ford/place of pilgrimage
• तीर्थम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; here as nominative (predicate/subject)

• माध्यन्दिनीयकम्: Mādhyandina (midday-related)
• माध्यन्दिनीयकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: माध्यन्दिनीयक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying तीर्थम्)

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Purāṇic Literature
• Tīrtha-Māhātmya
• Ancient Sacred Landscapes
• Sūrya Worship

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It provides an etiological note for a named tīrtha, illustrating how Purāṇas map ritual traditions onto specific sacred landscapes.

Which geographic location is identified?

A tīrtha described as lying on the western side of “Vaikuṇṭha.” In Purāṇic geography, Vaikuṇṭha may function as a sacral-topographic marker rather than a single historically fixed site.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse promotes learning (adhyāpana) and situates knowledge within place-based heritage, encouraging preservation of remembered sacred sites.