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Varaha Purana 16.18: Adhyaya 16, Shloka 18

The Account of Saramā: Indra’s Restoration after Loss of Sovereignty

दृष्ट्वा ते तां च साम्नैव सामपूर्वमिदं वचः । आसां गवां तु दुग्ध्वैव क्षीरं त्वं सरमे शुभे ॥ १६.१८ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 16.18

dṛṣṭvā te tāṃ ca sāmnaiva sāmapūrvam idaṃ vacaḥ | āsāṃ gavāṃ tu dugdhvaiva kṣīraṃ tvaṃ sarame śubhe || 16.18 ||

जब उन्होंने उसको देखा, तो धीरे-धीरे बात की। पहले समझाया, फिर बोला: 'इन गायों का दूध निकाल के ले आ। सरमा, तु बड़ी अच्छी है, यह दूध ले जा।'

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), from √दृश्; ‘having seen’
तेto you
ते:
सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun); Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; ‘to you/for you’
ताम्her
ताम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun); Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
साम्नाwith a sāman-chant
साम्ना:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by/with a sāman (chant)’
एवindeed/just
एव:
अवधारण (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
सामपूर्वम्preceded by a sāman (chant)
सामपूर्वम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier of ‘वचः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootसामन् + पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (पूर्वपद-निर्देश): ‘having sāman as the preface/preceded by sāman’; agrees with ‘वचः’ (sense)
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
वचःwords/speech
वचः:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘speech/words’
आसाम्of these
आसाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वयार्थक अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
दुग्ध्वाhaving milked
दुग्ध्वा:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootदुह् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), from √दुह्; ‘having milked’
एवindeed/just
एव:
अवधारण (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
क्षीरम्milk
क्षीरम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षीर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
सरमेO Saramā
सरमे:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootसरमा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
शुभेO auspicious one
शुभे:
सम्बोधन-विशेषण (Vocative qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; used as विशेषण of ‘सरमे’

Varāha (default speaker per dialogue framework; explicit speaker not marked in fragment)

C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Narrative
V
Vaishnavism
S
Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

It reflects a common Purāṇic narrative technique: ethical counsel delivered through dialogue, emphasizing non-coercive persuasion (sāma) as a culturally valued mode of speech.

No geographic toponym appears in this verse fragment; it is framed as a narrative instruction involving cows and Saramā rather than a site-description.

The verse foregrounds conciliatory speech (sāma) and orderly conduct—obtaining milk through the proper act of milking rather than through force or disorder.

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