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Varaha Purana 16.17: Adhyaya 16, Shloka 17

The Account of Saramā: Indra’s Restoration after Loss of Sovereignty

Pūrva Bhāga · Pr̥thivī-uddhāra (Earth-restoration) narrative context

अपश्यत् सा दितेः पुत्रैर्नीता गावो धराधरे । दैत्यैरपि शुनी दृष्टा दृष्टमार्गा विशेषतः ॥ १६.१७ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 16.17

apaśyat sā diteḥ putrair nītā gāvo dharādhare | daityair api śunī dṛṣṭā dṛṣṭamārgā viśeṣataḥ || 16.17 ||

उसने देखा कि दिति के बेटे उस पहाड़ पर गायें ले जा रहे हैं जो धरती को धान के रखता है। दैत्य लोगों ने भी उस कुतिया को देख लिया जो रास्ता पहचान चुकी थी।

अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्
TypeVerb
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
RoleKriya (क्रिया)
Rootदृश् (धातु)
साshe
सा
TypeNoun
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (refers to सरमा)
RoleKarta (कर्ता/Subject)
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दितेःof Diti
दितेः
TypeNoun
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
Rootदिति (प्रातिपदिक)
पुत्रैःby the sons
पुत्रैः
TypeNoun
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; करण (agent in passive construction)
RoleKarana (करण/agent-in-passive)
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नीताःled away
नीताः
TypeAdjective
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त: नीत; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; (गावः) विशेषण
RoleVisheshana (विशेषण)
Rootनी (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
गावःcows
गावः
TypeNoun
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
RoleKarma (कर्म/Object of अपश्यत्)
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
धराधरेon/in the mountain
धराधरे
TypeNoun
Formकर्मधारय: धरा-धर ‘mountain’; पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
RoleAdhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
Rootधराधर (प्रातिपदिक)
दैत्यैःby the daityas
दैत्यैः
TypeNoun
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; करण (agent)
RoleKarana (करण/agent)
Rootदैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अपिalso/even
अपि
TypeIndeclinable
Formसमुच्चय/अपेक्षार्थक अव्यय (also/even)
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
शुनीthe hound (Saramā)
शुनी
TypeNoun
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘female dog’ (here: Saramā as hound)
RoleKarta (कर्ता/Subject of दृष्टा)
Rootशुनी (प्रातिपदिक)
दृष्टाwas seen
दृष्टा
TypeAdjective
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त: दृष्ट; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-भाव (passive predicate)
RoleKriya (क्रिया/predicative passive)
Rootदृश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
दृष्टमार्गाone who had found/seen the track
दृष्टमार्गा
TypeAdjective
Formबहुव्रीहि: यस्या मार्गः दृष्टः सा; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (शुनी) विशेषण
RoleVisheshana (विशेषण)
Rootदृष्ट + मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
विशेषतःespecially
विशेषतः
TypeIndeclinable
Formक्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (especially/particularly)
RolePrakara (प्रकार)
Rootविशेषतः (अव्यय)
  • पुत्रैर्नीता = पुत्रैः + नीताः
  • दैत्यैरपि = दैत्यैः + अपि

Adbhuta and Bhayanaka rasaSetting: Mountain (mythic)
Speaker

Varāha

Path
Epistemic/ethical
Subjects
NarrativeConflict motif (abduction/raid)Ethics (protection of cattle)Mythic genealogy (Diti, Daityas)
C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Narrative
V
Vaishnavism
M
Mythic Genealogy

FAQs

It reflects a common Purāṇic narrative motif—cattle being seized by antagonistic groups—used to frame social values such as protection of livelihood and communal resources, while embedding mythic lineages (Diti/Daityas) into the storyline.

No specific toponym is given here; the term dharādhara indicates a mountain or ‘earth-bearing’ massif as a narrative setting rather than a uniquely identifiable historical location.

Implicitly, the verse foregrounds the vulnerability and cultural value of cattle (gāvaḥ) and frames their unlawful removal as a disordering act, supporting a broader Purāṇic ethic of stewardship and protection of shared resources.

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