Rig Veda 8.45.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 4
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra (Vṛtrahan aspect)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ बुन्दं वृत्रहा ददे जातः पृच्छद्वि मातरम् । क उग्राः के ह शृण्विरे ॥
Transliteration
ā búndaṃ vṛtra-hā́ dadé jā́taḥ pṛ́cchad ví mātáram | ká ugrā́ḥ ké ha śṛṇvire ||
Translation
Usne dushman ko maara aur neeche ki neev jamayi. Jab woh paida hua to apni mata se poocha ki kaun log zor wale hain. Kaun log sab sunte hain. Yeh sab jaanana chahta tha.
Word by Word
आtowards; hither (preverb)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)
बुन्दम्the drop/point (bunda)
बुन्दम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुन्द (प्रातिपदिक) / bunda-
वृत्रहाVṛtra-slayer (Indra)
वृत्रहा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन्) / vṛtrahan-
ददेgave; has given
ददे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) / dā-
जातःborn; having been born
जातः:
Kartā (with implied subject) / apposition
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootजन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त) / jan- → jāta-
पृच्छत्asked
पृच्छत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ् (धातु) / prach-
विapart; distinctly (preverb)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग) / vi (preverb)
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक) / mātṛ-
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā (interrogative) / predicate-subject
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / ka-
उग्राःfierce; mighty
उग्राः:
Kartā / predicate (with implied ‘they’)
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक) / ugra-
केwhich ones? who (pl.)?
के:
Kartā (interrogative)
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / ka-
हindeed; surely
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (निपात) / ha
शृण्विरेhave heard; listened
शृण्विरे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु) / śru-
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