Rig Veda 8.44.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 44, Mantra 4

Sukta 8.44

Devata: Agni

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उत्ते बृहन्तो अर्चयः समिधानस्य दीदिवः । अग्ने शुक्रास ईरते ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 8.44.4

Transliteration

út te bṛhánto arcáyaḥ samidhāná­sya dīdivaḥ | agne śukrā́sa īrate ||

Translation

Agni, jab tum aag pakadte ho aur chamakne lagte ho, tumhari kirnein upar jaati hain. Woh badi badi laatein hain aur chamak karti hain. Teri yeh shakti saaf dikhti hai aur kaam karti hai.

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Word by Word

• उत्: up; forth; indeed
• उत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत् (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• ते: of you; your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• बृहन्तः: the great ones
• बृहन्तः: कर्तृ (of ‘अर्चयः’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: बृहन्त् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; < बृह् ‘to grow, be great’)

• अर्चयः: praisers; singers (of praise)
• अर्चयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्चि/अर्च् (धातु ‘to praise, sing’); here noun from √अर्च्

• समिधानस्य: of the kindled (one); of the kindling (fire)
• समिधानस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation with ‘दीदिवः’/context)
• Type: Participle (adjectival) used as noun-genitive
• Root: सम्-इध् (धातु ‘to kindle’) → समिधान (कृदन्त, शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्यय) ‘being kindled’

• दीदिवः: the shining ones; the radiant (praisers)
• दीदिवः: कर्तृ (of implied/understood action with preceding phrase) / apposition to ‘बृहन्तः अर्चयः’
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: दीदिवस् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; from √दीप्/√दिव् ‘to shine’ with reduplication, ‘shining, radiant’)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• शुक्रासः: the bright ones; the shining (flames/rays)
• शुक्रासः: कर्तृ (of ‘ईरते’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: शुक्र (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक ‘bright, pure, shining’)

• ईरते: they rise; they are set in motion
• ईरते: — (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईर्/इर् (धातु; Vedic: ‘to set in motion, to rise, to hasten’)