Rig Veda 7.2.5: Mandala 7, Sukta 2, Mantra 5

Sukta 7.2

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Agni (implicit as the newborn/established fire); supportive powers (the ‘two mothers’)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स्वाध्यो वि दुरो देवयन्तोऽशिश्रयू रथयुर्देवताता । पूर्वी शिशुं न मातरा रिहाणे समग्रुवो न समनेष्वञ्जन् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.2.5

Transliteration

svā́dhyo ví dúro deva-yánto ’śiśrayu ratha-yúr deva-tātā | pū́rvī́ śíśuṃ ná mā́tarā rihāṇé sám agrúvo ná sámanéṣv añjan ||

Translation

Jo log khud ko sambhalte hain aur bhagwan ko dhundhte hain, woh darwaze khol dete hain. Woh bhagwan ke aane ka intezaar karte hain. Jaise maa apne naye bacche ko chaat-ti hai, waise hi purani shaktiyan use palte hain. Jaise gaane wale log milke gaate hain, waise hi woh use taiyaar karte hain.

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Word by Word

• स्वाध्यः: self-impelled, self-energetic
• स्वाध्यः: Kartā (अग्निः/देवः—अध्याहृतः) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वाध्य (प्रातिपदिक; स्व + अध्य) अथवा स्वाधी (स्वाधी-)

• वि: apart, asunder, forth
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दुरः: doors, gates
• दुरः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्/द्वार (प्रातिपदिक: द्वार-; वैदिक रूप: दुरः)

• देवयन्तः: seeking the gods, god-ward
• देवयन्तः: Kartā (यजमानाः/ऋत्विजः) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: देवय् (धातु; ‘देवयति’ = देवकाम/देवपूजक) → वर्तमान कृदन्त

• अशिश्रयुः: they have taken refuge/they have resorted
• अशिश्रयुः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रि (धातु) + उपसर्ग आ-; लिट् (परिपूर्ण/वैदिक परोक्ष) रूप

• रथयुः: charioteers; those yoked to the chariot
• रथयुः: Kartā (देवयन्तः… रथयवः = वही कर्तृसमूह) / विशेषण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रथयु (प्रातिपदिक; रथ + यु ‘यु’ = युक्त/युज्-संबद्ध)

• देवताता: divinity; the state/power of the gods
• देवताता: Kartā/भाववाचक (वाक्ये ‘देवताता’ = देवत्व/देवसम्बन्धः—अध्याहृतं ‘अस्ति/भवति’)
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: देवताता (प्रातिपदिक; देवता + -ता/ताति ‘देवत्व/देवसम्बन्ध’)

• पूर्वीः: former, earlier; many (of old)
• पूर्वीः: Kartā (मातरः) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• शिशुम्: infant, child
• शिशुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• मातरः: mothers
• मातरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• रिहाणे: licking, fondling (with licking)
• रिहाणे: Kartā (मातरौ—द्वे) / विशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: रिह् (धातु ‘लिह्/रिह्’ = चाटयति/लिहति) → वर्तमान कृदन्त (आत्मने)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अग्रुवः: foremost ones, leaders (as a troop)
• अग्रुवः: Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृ) / विशेषण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अग्रु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अग्रु’ = अग्रे गच्छन्/अग्रगामी; वैदिक जन/समूह-नाम)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• समनेषु: in assemblies, in encounters
• समनेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: समन (प्रातिपदिक; ‘समन’ = सभा/समागम/युद्ध-समागम)

• अञ्जन्: they anointed/adorned; they smeared
• अञ्जन्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज् (धातु; ‘अञ्जति’ = अञ्जनं करोति/अलङ्करोति/लेपयति) ; लुङ्/इम्पर्फेक्ट वैदिक रूप