Rig Veda 10.113.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 113, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.113

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

जज्ञान एव व्यबाधत स्पृधः प्रापश्यद्वीरो अभि पौंस्यं रणम् । अवृश्चदद्रिमव सस्यदः सृजदस्तभ्नान्नाकं स्वपस्यया पृथुम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.113.4

Transliteration

jajñānó evá vyabādhata spṛ́dhaḥ prápaśyad vīró abhí paúṃsyaṃ ráṇam | ávṛścad ádrim áva sa-syádaḥ sṛ́jad ástabhnān nā́kaṃ svapasyáyā pṛthúm ||

Translation

Jab woh paida hua toh usne dushmanon ko bhaga diya. Woh yoddha ladai ke maidan ko dekh raha tha. Usne pahad tod diya aur rok ke rakhe paani ko behne diya. Usne apne kaam se aasman ko pakad ke rakha.

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Word by Word

• जज्ञानः: having been born; born
• जज्ञानः: कर्तृ (agent; subject of the finite verbs)
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: √जन् (jan) / प्रातिपदिक: जज्ञान- (PPP)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: सम्बन्ध/निपात (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• वि: apart, asunder (intensifier with verb)
• वि: —
• Type: Preverb
• Root: वि

• अबाधत: he repelled, drove away
• अबाधत: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बाध् (bādh)

• स्पृधः: rivalries; hostile opponents
• स्पृधः: कर्म (object of अबाधत)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्पृध्- (prātipadika) / from √स्पृध् (spṛdh) ‘to contend’

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Preverb
• Root: प्र

• अपश्यत्: he saw, beheld
• अपश्यत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पश् (paś) / √दृश् (semantic)

• वीरः: the hero
• वीरः: कर्तृ (apposition to जज्ञानः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर-

• अभि: towards, against
• अभि: —
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: अभि

• पौंस्यम्: manly, masculine
• पौंस्यम्: कर्म/विशेष्य (qualifier of रणम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पौंस्य- (from पुंस् ‘man’)

• रणम्: battle, combat
• रणम्: कर्म (object of अपश्यत्; ‘saw the battle’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण-

• अव: down, away
• अव: —
• Type: Preverb
• Root: अव

• अवृश्चत्: he cut off, cleft
• अवृश्चत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √व्रश्च् (vraśc) ‘to cut’

• अद्रिम्: the rock, stone (mountain)
• अद्रिम्: कर्म (object of अवृश्चत्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रि-

• अव: down, away
• अव: —
• Type: Preverb
• Root: अव

• सस्यदः: the impeller/causer of flowing (epithet of the hero)
• सस्यदः: कर्तृ (apposition; subject continuing)
• Type: Noun/Epithet
• Root: सस्यद्- (prātipadika; Vedic epithet, lit. ‘the one who makes (things) flow/slide down’)

• सृजत्: he released, let loose
• सृजत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृज् (sṛj) ‘to release, let flow’

• अस्तभ्नात्: he propped up, made firm
• अस्तभ्नात्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्तभ् (stabh) ‘to prop, support, make firm’

• नाकम्: heaven, the celestial vault
• नाकम्: कर्म (object of अस्तभ्नात्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाक-

• स्वपस्यया: by skill, by good workmanship
• स्वपस्यया: करण (instrument: ‘by skill’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वपस्या- (from सु-√पस्/पश्य?; ‘skill, good workmanship’)

• पृथुम्: broad, wide
• पृथुम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृथु-