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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 67, Shloka 18

अयोध्यायां शोक-रात्रिः तथा अराजक-राष्ट्रस्य नीतिविचारः

The Night of Lamentation in Ayodhya and the Political Ethics of a Kingless Realm

नाराजके जनपदे वाहनै शशीघ्रगामिभिः।नरा निर्यान्त्यरण्यानि नारीभिस्सह कामिनः।।।।

nārājake janapade vāhanaiḥ śaśīghragāmibhiḥ | narā niryānty araṇyāni nārībhis saha kāminaḥ ||

રાજા વિનાના જનપદમાં કામાસક્ત પુરુષો સ્ત્રીઓ સાથે અતિશીઘ્રગામી વાહનોમાં બેસી વિહાર માટે અરણ્યોમાં નીકળતા નથી.

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
arājakein a kingless (state)
arājake:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-rājaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
janapadein the country
janapade:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanapada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
vāhanaiḥby vehicles/chariots
vāhanaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvāhana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
śīghragāmibhiḥswift-moving
śīghragāmibhiḥ:
Karana (करण; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootśīghra-gāmin (प्रातिपदिक; शीघ्र + गामिन्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (शीघ्रं गच्छन्ति ये)
narāḥmen
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
niryāntigo out
niryānti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnir-√yā (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
araṇyānito the woods
araṇyāni:
Karma (कर्म; destination)
TypeNoun
Rootaraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
nārībhiḥwith women
nārībhiḥ:
Sahakari (सहकारी/with)
TypeNoun
Rootnārī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
sahatogether with
saha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
Formसह-शब्दः, सहार्थक-अव्यय (preposition/adverb: with)
kāminaḥpleasure-seeking men
kāminaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootkāmin (प्रातिपदिक; √kam (धातु) से इन्-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

In a country without a king, wealthy people who live on farming and raising cattle cannot sleep safely in their homes with doors wide open.

A
araṇya (woods/forest)

FAQs

Dharma in governance ensures freedom of movement and leisure without fear; the absence of lawful authority restricts even nonessential pleasures due to insecurity.

The speakers continue portraying how daily life contracts in a kingless realm, where travel and recreation become unsafe.

Order-maintenance (śāsana) and protection—key virtues expected of a king to keep roads and outskirts safe.