यम उवाच । शृणु देव प्रवक्ष्यामि यावन्तो नरकाः स्थिताः । कर्मणा येन गच्छेत मानवो द्विजसत्तम । एकविंशत्समाख्याता नरका मम मन्दिरे
yama uvāca | śṛṇu deva pravakṣyāmi yāvanto narakāḥ sthitāḥ | karmaṇā yena gaccheta mānavo dvijasattama | ekaviṃśatsamākhyātā narakā mama mandire
Yama dit : «Écoute, ô noble ; je vais t’exposer combien il existe d’enfers, et par quels actes l’homme y est conduit, ô le meilleur des brāhmaṇas. Dans ma demeure, les enfers sont déclarés au nombre de vingt et un.»
Yama (Dharmarāja)
Listener: Brāhmaṇa (dvija-sattama)
Scene: Yama begins formal instruction: seated as Dharmarāja with staff, attendants/record-keepers nearby; the brāhmaṇa listens. A subtle motif of ‘21 compartments’ or beads suggests the count of hells.
Dharma operates through specific karmic results; Yama’s system is orderly and knowable, not arbitrary.
Prabhāsa Kṣetra, where the Māhātmya reinforces ethical living for pilgrims through Yama’s authoritative exposition.
No direct ritual; it begins the formal enumeration and explanation of narakas and their karmic causes.