Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 3

Devanagari script

यमेश्वराच्च नैरृत्ये समुद्रस्योत्तरे तथा । तस्य लिंगस्य प्राग्भागे ब्रह्मा तेपे महत्तपः । आराधयामास तदा देवदेवं त्रिलोचनम्

Transliteration

yameśvarācca nairṛtye samudrasyottare tathā | tasya liṃgasya prāgbhāge brahmā tepe mahattapaḥ | ārādhayāmāsa tadā devadevaṃ trilocanam

Translation

Au sud-ouest de Yameśvara et pareillement au nord de la mer—là, sur le côté oriental de ce liṅga, Brahmā accomplit une grande austérité, puis adora le Dieu des dieux, le Seigneur aux trois yeux.

Word by Word

• यमेश्वरात्: from Yameśvara
• यमेश्वरात्: Apādāna (Reference point: from)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: यमस्य ईश्वरः (स्थान/लिङ्ग-नाम)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• नैरृत्ये: in the south-west
• नैरृत्ये: Adhikaraṇa (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नैरृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; दिक्शब्द (south-west)

• समुद्रस्य: of the ocean/sea
• समुद्रस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• उत्तरे: to the north
• उत्तरे: Adhikaraṇa (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise/also)

• तस्य: of that
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• लिङ्गस्य: of the liṅga
• लिङ्गस्य: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लिङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• प्राग्भागे: in the eastern part
• प्राग्भागे: Adhikaraṇa (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राक् (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ) + भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव-समासः: प्राक्-भागे = 'in the eastern part'

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• तेपे: performed austerity
• तेपे: Kriyā (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप् (धातु; √तप्)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• महत्: great
• महत्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (तपः)

• तपः: austerity/penance
• तपः: Karma (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• आराधयामास: worshipped/propitiated
• आराधयामास: Kriyā (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-राध् (धातु; √राध्) + णिच् (causative)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikaraṇa (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• देवदेवम्: the God of gods
• देवदेवम्: Karma (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: देवानां देवः

• त्रिलोचनम्: Trilocana (three-eyed one)
• त्रिलोचनम्: Karma (Object/apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या) + लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः: त्रयः लोचनानि यस्य (शिवः)

Speaker

Sūta (deduced: descriptive narration in Māhātmya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Hiraṇyeśvara (with Brahmā-tapas spot on prāg-bhāga)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Mahādevī (Pārvatī)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: On a coastal plain north of the sea, a liṅga shrine stands; to its eastern side Brahmā performs intense tapas and then worships the Three-eyed Śiva; nearby markers indicate Yameśvara to the northeast (since this spot is southwest of it).

Characters & Entities

• Yameśvara
• Samudra (ocean)
• Liṅga
• Brahmā
• Śiva (Trilocana)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even Brahmā attains divine grace through tapas and devoted worship of Śiva, affirming bhakti and austerity as purifying paths.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse situates a Śiva-liṅga area near Yameśvara and north of the ocean within Prabhāsa-kṣetra.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Tapas (austerity) and ārādhana (worship/propitiation) of Śiva are highlighted as the efficacious practices.