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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 25

गंगा नदी स्मृता पूर्वा नर्मदाख्या तथा परा । सरस्वती तृतीया तु नदी प्लक्षसमुद्भवा

gaṃgā nadī smṛtā pūrvā narmadākhyā tathā parā | sarasvatī tṛtīyā tu nadī plakṣasamudbhavā

D’abord on se souvient du fleuve Gaṅgā; ensuite de celui nommé Narmadā. Le troisième est le fleuve Sarasvatī, que l’on dit issu du Plakṣa (source/arbre sacré).

गङ्गाGanga
गङ्गा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
नदीriver
नदी:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समानााधिकरण (apposition)
स्मृताis called / is remembered as
स्मृता:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-भावः (is called/remembered)
पूर्वाthe first / former
पूर्वा:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement/कर्तृसमानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
नर्मदाNarmada
नर्मदा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर्मदा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
आख्याnamed / called
आख्या:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement/कर्तृसमानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (named/called)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थ (adverb: likewise/also)
पराthe other / next
परा:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement/कर्तृसमानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
सरस्वतीSarasvati
सरस्वती:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तृतीयाthe third
तृतीया:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement/कर्तृसमानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण (ordinal)
तुindeed / but
तु:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
नदीriver
नदी:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समानााधिकरण
प्लक्ष-समुद्भवाarisen from Plaksha
प्लक्ष-समुद्भवा:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement/कर्तृसमानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्लक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + समुद्भव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; पञ्चमी/सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषार्थः (प्लक्षात् समुद्भवा = arising from the plakṣa tree/source)

Sūta (deduced from the surrounding Nāgarakhaṇḍa tīrtha dialogue; confirmed by the next verse where ṛṣayaḥ address 'sūtaja')

Tirtha: Gaṅgā–Narmadā–Sarasvatī (river-triad)

Type: sangam

Listener: null

Scene: Three river goddesses appear in sequence: Gaṅgā with makara and kumbha, Narmadā with rocky banks and forested ghats, Sarasvatī emerging near a sacred Plakṣa tree, veena motif and subtle ‘hidden river’ aura.

G
Gaṅgā
N
Narmadā
S
Sarasvatī
P
Plakṣa

FAQs

It ranks revered rivers as tīrthas, teaching that sacred geography itself becomes a vehicle of purification and merit.

The tīrtha-principle is expressed through the great rivers Gaṅgā, Narmadā, and Sarasvatī as archetypal pilgrimage waters.

No explicit rule is given here; it prepares the list of sacred waters whose bathing-fruit is explained in the following verses.