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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 32

आदित्योढोऽतिथिः सायं सत्कर्तव्यः प्रयत्नतः । असत्कृतोन्यतो गच्छन्दुष्कृतं भूरि यच्छति

ādityoḍho'tithiḥ sāyaṃ satkartavyaḥ prayatnataḥ | asatkṛtonyato gacchanduṣkṛtaṃ bhūri yacchati

L’hôte qui arrive le soir, comme porté par le coucher du Soleil, doit être honoré avec un effort particulier. S’il n’est pas honoré et s’en va ailleurs, il répand sur la maison une grande masse de démérite.

आदित्य-ऊढः(one) carried/led by the sun (i.e., arriving at sunset)
आदित्य-ऊढः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootआदित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + ऊढ (कृदन्त; √वह् (धातु) क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (आदित्येन ऊढः = ‘sun-carried/led by the sun’)
अतिथिःguest
अतिथिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
सायम्in the evening
सायम्:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसायम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
सत्-कर्तव्यःto be properly honored
सत्-कर्तव्यः:
Karya/Predicate (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्तव्य (कृदन्त; √कृ (धातु) तव्यत्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)
प्रयत्नतःwith effort; diligently
प्रयत्नतः:
Hetu/Prayojana (Manner/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रयत्न (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित; अव्ययीभावार्थे)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (manner adverb)
असत्-कृतः(a guest) who has been disrespected
असत्-कृतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत् (प्रातिपदिक) + कृत (कृदन्त; √कृ (धातु) क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः; (one) dishonored
अन्यतःelsewhere; from another place
अन्यतः:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यतः (अव्यय; अन्य + तस्)
Formअव्यय; दिशा/स्थानवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (ablatival adverb: ‘from elsewhere’)
गच्छन्going (away)
गच्छन्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√गम् (धातु) शतृ (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present participle)
दुष्कृतम्sin; evil deed
दुष्कृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृत (प्रातिपदिक; दुस् + कृत)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
भूरिmuch; abundant
भूरि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रयोग)
Formअव्यय; परिमाणवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण/विशेषण (quantifier: ‘much’)
यच्छतिgives; bestows
यच्छति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√यम् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

Skanda

Tirtha: Kāśī-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Scene: A twilight courtyard in Kāśī: the sun setting over the Gaṅgā; a weary traveler-guest arrives at the threshold; the householder hastens with a lamp, water-pot, and offering of food, aware that neglect brings sin.

Ā
Āditya (Sun)
A
Atithi (Guest)

FAQs

The evening guest is especially sacred; neglecting him turns hospitality-failure into heavy demerit.

The instruction belongs to the Kāśīkhaṇḍa’s Kāśī dharma-setting, emphasizing righteous living in the holy city.

Satkāra of the sāyam-atithi—intentional, effortful honoring and feeding of a guest arriving at sunset.